Weather & Storms Vocab

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Across
  1. 2. a branch channel of positively charged ions that rushes upward from the ground to meet the stepped leader
  2. 3. a branched channel of positively charged particles that moves upward from the ground
  3. 7. band where the strongest winds in a hurricane are usually concentrated, surrounding the eye
  4. 10. Large, low pressure, rotating storm that gets its energy from the evaporation of warm ocean water and the release of heat
  5. 12. violent, whirling column of air in contact with the ground that forms when wind direction and speed suddenly change with height, is often associated with a supercell, and can be extremely damaging
  6. 13. Classifies hurricanes according to wind speed on a scale ranging from Category 1 to Category 5
  7. 16. Classifies tornadoes according to their destruction and estimated wind speed on a scale ranging from EF0 to EF5
  8. 19. violent downdrafts that are concentrated in a local area
  9. 20. calm center of a tropical cyclone that develops when the winds around its center reach at least 120 km/h
Down
  1. 1. local air-mass thunderstorm that commonly occurs along a coastal area because land and water store and release thermal energy differently
  2. 4. a thunderstorm that results from the air rising because of unequal heating of Earth's surface within one air mass
  3. 5. thunderstorm caused by advancing coldfronts
  4. 6. extremely powerful, self-sustaining thunderstorm characterized by intense, rotating updrafts
  5. 8. channel of partially charged air between positive and negative regions
  6. 9. a thunderstorm that occurs when an air mass rises to go up the side of a mountain
  7. 11. Measures the windchill factor, by estimating the heat loss from human skin caused by a combination of wind and cold air
  8. 14. occurs when powerful, hurricane-force winds drive a mound of ocean water toward shore, where it washes over the land, often causing enormous damage
  9. 15. extended period of below-average temperatures caused by large, high-pressure systems of continental polar or arctic origin
  10. 17. Extended period of above-average temperatures caused by large, high-pressure systems that warm by compression and block cooler air masses
  11. 18. extended period of well-below average rainfall, usually caused by shifts in global wind patterns