Weathering and Erosion

1. The processes that break up and corrode solid rock, eventually transforming it into sediment.
4. A vertical sequence of distinct zones of soil.
5. The layer of regolith in which water dissolves ions and picks up very fine clay; these materials are then carried downward by infiltrating water.
9. The B-horizon, or zone of accumulation, in a soil; it underlies the topsoil.
10. The layer of regolith in which new minerals precipitate out of water passing through, thus leaving behind a load of fine clay
12. The removal of soil by wind and runoff.
13. An accumulation of loose mineral grains, such as boulders, pebbles, sand, silt, or mud, that are not cemented together.
14. Process in which chemicals destroy and alter minerals.

2. The grinding away and removal of the Earth’s surface materials by moving water, air, or ice
3. Distinct zones within a soil, distinguished from each other by factors such as chemical composition and organic content.
6. The top soil horizons, which are typically dark and nutrient-rich.
7. The process in which intact rock breaks into smaller grains or chunks.
8. Sediment that has undergone changes at the surface of the Earth, including reaction with rainwater and the addition of organic material.
11. A given type of soil in a common soil classification scheme; for example, an aridisol is a soil order formed in very dry climates.
15. A fragment or grain produced by the physical or chemical weathering of a rock.