Weathering and Erosion

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Across
  1. 2. the solid layer of rock beneath the soil
  2. 3. weathering caused by a process in which rock is physically broken into smaller pieces
  3. 7. organisms that break sown the remains of dead organisms into smaller pieces and digest them with chemicals
  4. 8. a material is full of tiny, connected air spaces that allow water to seep through it at a fast rate
  5. 10. process that breaks down rock through chemical changes with the actions of water, oxygen, Co2, living organisms and acid rain
  6. 13. principle that states that the same processes that operate today operated in the past
  7. 14. a dark-colored substance that forms as plant and animal remains decay
  8. 15. B horizon - consists of clay and other particles washed down from the A Horizon
  9. 17. the loose, weathered material on Earth's surface in which plants can grow
  10. 18. anything in the environment that humans use - soil is an important one...
  11. 19. soil that is made up of about equal parts clay, sand, and silt and has a crumbly texture that holds both air and water
  12. 20. farmers plow fields along the curves of a slope to help water run off when it rains
  13. 21. the process that breaks down rock and other substances at Earth's surface
  14. 23. a layer of soil that differs in color and texture from the layers above or below it
  15. 25. where iron combines with oxygen in the presence of water to produce rust
Down
  1. 1. Horizon A and is made up of crumbly dark Brown soil that is a mixture of humus, clay and other minerals
  2. 4. farmer plants different crops in a different field each year because different plants absorb different nutrients
  3. 5. areas in rocks where ice freezes and thaws and eventually breaks off part of the rock
  4. 6. farmers disturb the soil and its plant cover as little as possible and the dead crops provide nutrients for next years crops
  5. 9. the management of soil to prevent its destruction
  6. 11. the grinding away of rock by rock particles carried by water, ice, wind or gravity
  7. 12. drought in the 1930's caused the Plains in the US to lose all of it s soil due to over farmning
  8. 16. measure of how well the soil supports plant growth
  9. 22. the removal of rock particles by wind, water, ice or gravity
  10. 23. the thick mass of tough roots at the surface of the soil
  11. 24. a loose layer of soil that consists of leaves and other plant remains