Westward Expansion Crossword Puzzle

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Across
  1. 2. Free grazing of cattle on unfenced land; ended by barbed wire
  2. 3. A railroad connecting the east and west coasts, boosting the economy
  3. 6. The belief that it was God's will for the U.S. to stretch coast-to-coast
  4. 9. These were people who went west in search of gold and other metals
  5. 11. This animal’s mass slaughter devastated Native American economies and ecosystems.
  6. 12. Gold discovered in California in 1849, leading to a migration rush
  7. 14. The process of forcing Native Americans to adopt white culture
  8. 15. A tool that could slice through heavy soil for farming
  9. 16. broke up Native American land and gave some reservation land to individual Native Americans. The rest of the land was sold to mostly white settlers. It also forced Native Americans to assimilate
Down
  1. 1. Americans migrating west
  2. 4. Steel fencing wire with sharp edges that closed the frontier
  3. 5. The moving of cattle over trails to shipping centers
  4. 7. A factor that motivates a person to migrate away from their country or region (negative)
  5. 8. The law that provided 160 acres of land to citizens willing to settle and farm it
  6. 10. A factor motivating migration to a new region(positive)
  7. 13. African Americans who moved west to escape discrimination