Westward Expansion

2. Individual miners searching for gold and other minerals (2 words)
6. Rapidly growing town near mines during gold and silver rushes (1 word)
9. Cooperative organization of farmers that advocated for economic and social reforms to protect farmers' interests (2 words)
11. Frederick Jackson Turner's idea that the expansion into western lands shaped American democracy, character, and individualism (2 words)
12. Fencing innovation that ended open-range ranching (2 words)
13. Land distributed by the government to railroads and colleges to encourage westward expansion (2 words)
14. Law granting 160 acres to settlers who lived on the land for 5 years and farmed it (2 words)
15. Mechanized farming caused a decline in costs, which hurt small farmers by reducing their profits (2 words)
16. Migration to California following mineral discoveries in 1848 (2 words)
17. Train system completed in 1869 that connected the East and West coasts (2 words)

1. Federal law that regulated railroad rates to protect farmers (3 words)
3. Famous path westward taken by pioneers seeking economic opportunities (2 words)
4. Changes to farming equipment that increased production but hurt small farmers who couldn’t keep up (1 word)
5. Unfenced grazing land for cattle, ended by barbed wire (2 words)
7. Belief that Americans and the U.S. government had a right and a duty to expand across the continent (2 words)
8. Law funding construction of the transcontinental railroad (3 words)
10. African Americans who migrated west to escape Southern racial violence (1 word)