Westward Expansion

2. The 19th-century belief that Americans were destined by God to expand across the continent to the Pacific Ocean.
3. (17th–19th centuries) was the shifting, advancing border between settled, Euro-American areas and the "unsettled" (Native American) wilderness
4. A group of covered wagons traveling together for safety.
5. encouraged Western migration by providing 160-acre plots of public land for a small fee to US citizens (or applicants) who agreed to farm and improve the land for five years
7. were the original inhabitants of the land, composed of diverse sovereign nations, who were viewed by the U.S. government as obstacles to expansion
8. Land officially part of the U.S. but not yet admitted as a state
10. A person who is among the first to explore or settle a country or area, especially one of the first Europeans to colonize the western US.
12. was a 19th-century fortune seeker who moved to the American West to search for precious metals, specifically gold and silver.
14. 19th-century American migrants—including farmers, ranchers, and families—who moved into the Western frontier to establish permanent homes.
17. a massive westward migration sparked by the discovery of gold at Sutter’s Mill, bringing over 300,000 "forty-niners" to California
18. A journey undertaken for a specific purpose, such as exploring.
19. was a temporary, fast-growing settlement built near a new discovery of gold or silver

1. was a massive land deal where the U.S. bought 828,000 square miles of land from France for $15 million, doubling the nation's size
6. A train line connecting the Atlantic and Pacific coasts, finished in 1869.
8. was the forced, tragic removal of over 60,000 Native Americans (including Cherokee, Choctaw, and Creek) from their southeastern US lands to Oklahoma during the 1830s
9. was a roughly 2,000-mile, 5–6 month overland wagon route connecting the Missouri River to the Willamette Valley in Oregon, primarily used from the 1840s–1860s
11. was the 19th-century movement of American settlers,1800s–1890s, from the Atlantic coast to the Pacific Ocean, roughly tripling the nation's size
13. a specific area of land set aside by the United States government for Native American tribes to live on.
15. A formal, written agreement between two or more countries or groups (such as the U.S. government and a Native American nation).
16. The large-scale, voluntary movement of people from the Eastern United States, Europe, and elsewhere to settle in the western territories