Laug OSU Winter 2025 - Immunology Exam 1 Study Tool

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Across
  1. 3. Chemicals that recruit other immune system players to the battle site
  2. 5. Class I and II molecules are used to communicate a cell's status to T cells.
  3. 6. Also known as a phospholipid bilayer.
  4. 11. The class of cells that B and T cells fall under.
  5. 13. A type of white blood cell that surrounds and kills microorganisms, removes dead cells, and stimulates the action of other immune system cells.
  6. 15. ____ system - detects viral infections and warns the immune system while slowing down viral reproduction.
  7. 17. The engulfing and destruction of bacteria or other materials by specialized cells.
  8. 21. Often abbreviated LPS, a component of the outer cell membrane of Gram-negative bacteria.
  9. 23. A single-celled organism that lacks any membrane-bound organelles and have circular chromosomes.
  10. 24. A common pattern-recognition receptor that detects invasion and alerts and activates other immune cells.
  11. 25. A pathogen that typically consists of a nucleic acid molecule in a protein coat, is too small to be seen by light microscopy, and is able to multiply only within the living cells of a host.
  12. 26. ____ system - composed of proteins that work together to destroy invaders and to signal other immune system players that the attack is on.
  13. 27. ____ immune system - Second line of defense that occurs naturally in the body.
  14. 28. A type of immune cell important for controlling viral infections and tumors by forcing them to commit suicide.
  15. 29. Any of a group of spore-producing organisms feeding on organic matter, including molds, yeast, mushrooms, and toadstools.
Down
  1. 1. The cells from which all the blood cells originate.
  2. 2. ____ pathway - initial trigger is the binding of a specific protein commonly found on the surface of a pathogen like Mannose.
  3. 4. A theory in immunology that explains how the body produces B and T cells to fight infections by rapidly producing copies of needed immune cells.
  4. 7. A cell that can mature into a macrophage upon exiting the bone marrow and entering the blood stream.
  5. 8. First line of defense consisting of skin and mucous membranes.
  6. 9. A process that helps the body's immune system identify and destroy harmful pathogens, dead cells, and tumor cells.
  7. 10. Short-lived immune cells that commonly work alongside macrophages.
  8. 12. Proteins that is produced in response to and counteracting a specific pathogen.
  9. 14. ____ immune system - Third line of defense in vertebrates that "learns" to protect against almost any invader.
  10. 16. Hormone-like protein messengers which facilitate communication between cells of the immune system.
  11. 17. An organism that lives in or on an organism of another species and benefits by deriving nutrients at the other's expense.
  12. 18. The toxin or foreign substance which induces an immune response in the body, especially the production of antibodies.
  13. 19. types include: killer, helper, and regulatory.
  14. 20. Long-lived B and T cells capable of responding to a particular infection if it reoccurs in the future.
  15. 22. ____ pathway - activates spontaneously by direct contact with a pathogen's surface.