world at risk

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Across
  1. 2. Greenhouse Effect The greenhouse effect, but enhanced due to human activity.
  2. 5. Boundary Oceanic and Continental plates move together, Oceanic plate (denser plate) is submerged under the lighter Continental plate. Friction causes the melting of the oceanic plate and may trigger earthquakes. Magma rises up through cracks and erupts onto the surface.
  3. 6. Chamber A reservoir of magma within the earth’s crust beneath a volcano
  4. 8. Cycles Cyclical movement related to the Earth’s orbit around the sun. – Eccentricity, axial tilt, precession.
  5. 9. Flows A dense, destructive mass of very hot ash, lava fragments and gases ejected explosively from a volcano and typically flowing at great speed.
  6. 10. Emissions The gas and ash going into the atmosphere.
  7. 17. Effect Trapping of the suns warmth in a planets lower atmosphere, due to the greater transparency of the atmosphere to visible radiation from the sun than to infrared radiation emitted from the planet’s surface.
  8. 19. A vast, flat, treeless Arctic region of Europe, Asia and North America in which the subsoil is permanently frozen.
  9. 21. Line The line or altitude above which no trees grow.
  10. 23. Refugees People who have to leave their country due to a natural disaster that has affected their quality of life.
  11. 25. Vulnerability A measure of the extent a community, structure, service or area is likely to be damaged or disrupted, on account of its nature or location, by the impact of a particular disaster hazard.
  12. 26. The action of reducing the impact of disasters.
  13. 29. A thick subsurface layer of soil that remains below freezing point throughout the year.
  14. 31. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change – assesses climate change and its environmental and socio-economic impacts.
  15. 32. A term given to the very large Asian river deltas. E.g. Ganges, Yangtze.
  16. 35. The process of change where a person becomes adapted (better suited) to their environment.
  17. 38. containing salt – solution of salt in water.
Down
  1. 1. A sudden accident or a natural catastrophe that causes great damage or loss of life.
  2. 3. The study of the evolution and configuration of landforms.
  3. 4. The emission of energy as electromagnetic waves or as moving subatomic particles.
  4. 7. Sinks Forest/Ocean/Natural Environment used to absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.
  5. 11. Forest Within the Taiga biome. Vegetation composed primarily of cone-bearing, needle-leaved, or scale-leaved evergreen trees, found in regions that have long winters and moderate to high annual precipitation.
  6. 12. An expected or supposed situation or sequence of events.
  7. 13. Populations A population (a group) whose circumstances present barriers to obtaining or understanding information or to access resources offered before, during and after a disaster event.
  8. 14. Process at convergent boundaries, where one tectonic plate is forced below another plate and sinks into the mantle.
  9. 15. Something becoming more and more rapid.
  10. 16. Offsetting The counteracting of carbon dioxide emissions with an equivalent reduction of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
  11. 18. Atlantic Drift The warm ocean current flowing northeast, under the influence of prevailing winds, from the Gulf of Mexico towards NW Europe and warming its climate. – AKA Gulf Stream.
  12. 20. Circulation The movement of seawater in a pattern of flow dependent on variations in temperature, which give rise to changes in salt content and hence in density.
  13. 22. Credits A permit which allows a country or organization to produce a certain amount of carbon emissions and which can be traded if the full allowance is not used.
  14. 24. Hazard A naturally occurring event that might have a negative effect on people or the environment. – can be caused by rapid or slow onset events which can be geophysical, hydrological, climatological, meteorological, and biological.
  15. 27. Relating to the structure of the earth’s crust and the large-scale processes which take place within it.
  16. 28. Conveyor Belt Constantly moving system of deep-ocean circulation driven by temperature and salinity (salt). It moves water around the globe.
  17. 30. Ice-Albedo Feedback A positive feedback climate process where a change in the area of snow-covered land, ice caps, glaciers or sea ice alters the albedo.
  18. 32. Hazards Where multiple hazards occur, which may be due to one hazard triggering another.
  19. 33. Point A small influence or development produces a sudden large or irreversible change. – We reach a stage where we cannot go back.
  20. 34. A destructive mudflow on the slopes of a volcano.
  21. 36. Sea Core Samples An intact sample of sediment extracted from the ocean floor by drilling with a long hollow tube
  22. 37. Main outlet for magma and volcanic material to escape.