World War I Glossary
Across
- 3. Program for settling German reparations debts after WWI, written in 1924 and formally adopted in 1930.
- 6. Archduke of Austria whose assassination in 1914 sparked the beginning of WWI.
- 8. German submarine, short for *Unterseeboot* (Under Sea Boat).
- 10. Strategy drawn up by Germany to avoid fighting a war on two fronts.
- 11. British-led offensive in mid-March 1917 in Iraq, running for six weeks before being called off until autumn.
- 15. 28th president of the United States, known for WWI leadership, Treaty of Versailles, sought 14 points post-war plan, and League of Nations.
- 16. Longest battle of WWI at a French fort.
- 19. Policy that the Germans announced in January 1917 which stated that their submarines would sink any ship in the British waters.
- 22. Program for settling German reparations debts after WWI, written in 1929 and formally adopted in 1930.
- 25. Assassin of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, a member of the Black Hand.
- 30. Temporary peace agreement to end fighting.
- 31. Military alliance between Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy in the years preceding WWI.
- 33. Book by Norman Angell published in 1910 about the rivalry between England and Germany, translated into 11 languages.
- 34. Festering quarrels over the Balkans which eventually pushed Europe into war.
- 36. 1915 secret pact between the Triple Entente and Italy, signed in London, to gain Italy's alliance against Germany.
- 37. Reigned as the last King of Serbia and the first King of the Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes (1903-1918).
- 38. Acronym for the causes of WWI: Militarism, Alliances, Nationalism, Imperialism.
- 42. Battle from April 22 to May 25, 1915, for control of Ypres in Belgium.
- 50. British passenger boat sunk by a German submarine that claimed 1,000 lives. One of the main reasons the US decided to join the war.
- 51. Strip of land between the trenches of opposing armies along the Western Front during WWI.
- 52. Laid out between the trenches to slow down advancing enemy forces.
- 53. Territory created by the German Empire in 1871 after annexing Alsace and parts of Lorraine from France.
- 54. Treaty that ended WWI and blamed Germany for WWI, handing down harsh punishment.
- 55. Major battle between British and French armies against Germany from July 1 to November 18, 1916.
- 56. Battle from October 24 to November 19, 1917, near Kobarid, on the Austro-Italian front.
Down
- 1. Composed of France, Britain, and Russia, and later Japan and Italy, the Allies fought the Central Powers in WWI. The United States joined the Allies in 1917.
- 2. Author of *Germany and the Next War*, argued that Germany and France could never negotiate their problems.
- 4. Part of the Treaty of Versailles, Germany was ordered to pay fines to the Allies to repay the costs of the war.
- 5. Military alliance between Great Britain, France, and Russia in the years preceding WWI.
- 7. Naval battle between the British Royal Navy and German Navy from May 31 - June 1, 1916.
- 9. Last Emperor of Russia, cousin of King George V.
- 12. Series of proposals in which U.S. president Woodrow Wilson outlined a plan for achieving lasting peace after WWI.
- 13. Battle in September 1914 during the invasion and occupation of German New Guinea by Australian forces.
- 14. International port city on Belgium's River Scheldt.
- 17. Military alliance between Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, and the Ottoman Empire.
- 18. The siege of Liège.
- 20. Height in Turkey dominating the Gallipoli Peninsula, the main position of Ottoman defenses in 1915.
- 21. International organization formed in 1920 to promote cooperation and peace among nations.
- 23. Coded message sent by Germany to try to get Mexico to attack the US.
- 24. King of the United Kingdom and British Dominions during WWI, also known as the "Uncle of Europe."
- 26. Battle on August 21, 1914, between the French Fifth Army and German 2nd and 3rd armies during the Battle of the Frontiers.
- 27. Deadlock in which neither side is able to defeat the other.
- 28. Form of warfare in which opposing armies fight each other from trenches dug in the battlefield.
- 29. July 28, 1914 - November 11, 1918.
- 32. Conflict in which the participating countries devote all their resources to the war effort.
- 35. 1904 agreement between Britain and France resolving colonial disputes and establishing a diplomatic understanding.
- 39. Region of northern France where the forces of the Allies and the Central Powers battled each other.
- 40. Ideas spread to influence public opinion for or against a cause.
- 41. Battle from April 12-14, 1915, between British and Ottoman forces for control of Basra.
- 43. Alliance system in Europe was a major cause of WWI.
- 44. Militaristic and nationalistic leader of Germany during the last decade of the 1800s and most of WWI.
- 45. Battle fought from September 5-12, 1914, resulting in an Allied victory against Germany.
- 46. Demand or threat that is final.
- 47. Region along the German-Russian Border where Russians and Serbs battled Germans, Austrians, and Turks.
- 48. Reigned as King of the Belgians from 1909 to 1934.
- 49. High-ranking senior military officer in the army.