Y9 philosophy - Unit 1 key terms

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Across
  1. 3. The theory that knowledge is gained through the five senses.
  2. 4. Any physical substance (usually made up of atoms)
  3. 11. Based on facts; not influenced by our emotions or personal opinions
  4. 14. Non-physical; not having a body or being made up of any physical matter
  5. 18. A statement/idea that contradicts itself. It can't be true but also can't be false.
  6. 19. The main point the speaker is trying to make.
  7. 20. Rasa Latin for 'Blank Slate' - the theory that human nature is created through experiences
  8. 21. A being (usually human) who is part of our moral community (and therefore worthy of certain rights)
  9. 22. A helpful way to explain something complex through a simple comparison.
  10. 26. rebut When you reject a counter-argument to try and prove that you are right.
  11. 27. of Appearances Plato's name for the world in which we live.
  12. 29. The process of change over time, leading to the creation of new species
  13. 30. of Forms Plato's name for a perfect world where our souls previously lived.
  14. 31. To doubt all assumptions - hint: Descartes!
  15. 34. The belief that only the material/physical world exists; immaterial concepts such as the soul are impossible
  16. 37. An attempt to formally argue different points of view (made of an argument and counter-arguments).
  17. 38. An individual person, from his or her own perspective.
  18. 40. The effect that accepting an idea has on forming further ideas e.g. if we accept that animals are just like humans, what are the implications for what it means to be human?
Down
  1. 1. An argument or set of reasons put forward to oppose an idea or theory developed in another argument.
  2. 2. thinking The ability to think clearly and rationally about what to do or what to believe
  3. 5. The ability to experience pleasure or pain, and therefore to suffer.
  4. 6. Love of Wisdom; it is the study of knowledge or 'thinking about thinking'
  5. 7. A statement in an argument that provides reasons or support for the conclusion. There can be one or many in a single argument.
  6. 8. Prove yourself right by giving evidence that supports your view
  7. 9. identity Who a person is, or the qualities of a person that makes them different from others.
  8. 10. Self-awareness
  9. 12. Selection The process whereby organisms (animals, plants, etc) that are better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring
  10. 13. The process by which one explains how a conclusion was reached. It requires premises that support a conclusion.
  11. 15. The theory that there is some knowledge that is gained through reason, before experience.
  12. 16. agent Someone who knows right from wrong and is therefore capable of making moral decisions
  13. 17. Acts that put others' needs before our own
  14. 18. The status of being a person
  15. 23. fallacy A flaw in the reasoning of an argument.
  16. 24. The belief that humans have both a body and another separate, immaterial part, such as a mind or soul
  17. 25. bias A systematic error in thinking that affects the decisions and judgments people make e.g. catastrophising
  18. 28. Story with a hidden/deeper meaning.
  19. 32. Based on personal feelings, opinions or preferences
  20. 33. A word that describes the way things seem to us individually e.g. the pain of a headache, the taste of chocolate, the redness of an evening sky etc.
  21. 35. intelligence (AI) Machines, e.g. computers, that mimic/display human intelligence
  22. 36. The belief that only the material/physical world exists; immaterial concepts such as the soul are impossible
  23. 39. The belief that all human acts are motivated by selfish desires