Across
- 2. Contains at least two different elements or compounds which are not chemically bonded together. Mixtures may melt or boil over a range of temperatures.
- 6. A process used to separate substances in a mixture. It involves a mobile phase and a stationary phase.
- 10. The fluid (gas or liquid) which moves through the chromatography system, carrying the mixture which is to be separated.
- 12. A type of chromatography which uses paper as the stationary phase and a solvent as the mobile phase. The solvent carries the mixture up the paper where the substances in the mixture then separate, depending on how soluble they are in the mobile phase.
- 15. solution: A solution which contains the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved in the solvent. If any more solute is added, it will not dissolve in the solution.
- 16. A substance made up of only one type of atom.
- 17. The state of matter where the particles hold a regular arrangement and have the least amount of energy.
- 19. The state of matter where the particles are arranged randomly and close together. The particles are able to move past each other.
- 20. A separation technique used to separate a liquid from a solution. The solution is heated so that only the liquid with the lowest boiling point evaporates. This gas is then condensed in a condenser before being collected as a liquid.
- 21. The state of matter where the particles have the most energy. The particles in a gas are relatively spread out and move randomly in all directions.
Down
- 1. The chemistry definition of a pure substance is a substance which contains only one compound or element. Pure substances have fixed melting and boiling points.
- 3. The symbols used in chemical equations to denote the states of the chemicals reacting: (s) - solid, (l) - liquid, (g) - gas, (aq) - aqueous solution.
- 4. A value used in chromatography which is calculated as the distance travelled by the dissolved substance divided by the distance travelled by the solvent. It can be used to identify substances within a mixture.
- 5. A process used to separate a mixture of liquids. The liquids have different boiling points so can be separated into different fractions within a fractionating column.
- 7. A homogeneous mixture in which a solute is dissolved in a solvent.
- 8. A substance which dissolves a solute.
- 9. A separation technique used to separate an insoluble solid from a solution.
- 11. A substance which is dissolved in a solvent to create a solution.
- 13. A separation technique to obtain soluble solids from solutions. The process involves heating the solution until crystals start to form, leaving the solution to cool and then filtering the formed crystals from the solution.
- 14. A substance made up of two or more types of atoms chemically combined together.
- 18. The nonmoving phase which the mobile phase passes over during chromatography.