Topic 7 – Organic Chemistry

4. water and carbon dioxide are the only products of the complete combustion of a hydrocarbon.
5. A method of separating a mixture of substances according to their different boiling points. Commonly used to separate crude oil into different fractions.
8. Long-chain hydrocarbons are heated to turn them into a gas. The hydrocarbon vapour is then mixed with steam and heated to a very high temperature which caused them to split into smaller molecules.
9. The most common hydrocarbon found in crude oil.
11. Molecules that are made up of hydrogen and carbon atoms only.
12. A chain of amino acids.
13. Large long-chain molecules made up of lots of small monomers joined together by covalent bonds.

1. Long-chain hydrocarbons are heated to turn them into a gas. The vapour is then passed over a hot powdered aluminium oxide catalyst. The long chain molecules split apart on the surface of the catalyst.
2. Contain the functional group –OH.
3. A chemical process by which molecules such as glucose are broken down anaerobically. Ethanol is produced when sugar solutions are fermented using yeast.
6. Combustion of hydrocarbon fuels releases energy. During combustion, the carbon and hydrogen in the fuels are oxidised.
7. A process that involves breaking down larger hydrocarbons to produce smaller more useful molecules.
9. Hydrocarbons with a double bond between two of the carbon atoms.They have the general formula CnH2n+2
10. A finite resource found in rocks. It is the remains of an ancient biomass consisting mainly of plankton that was buried in mud. Most of the compounds in crude oil are hydrocarbons.