Intro to Criminal Law

1. the person who actually commits the criminal offence...it’s co-perpetrators when there are more than one.
4. an index that measures overall number and severity of crimes reported to police.
5. offences that don’t require mens rea, but also do not offer any defence (ex: speeding, driving without a licence, etc.).
6. deliberate intention to commit a prohibited act... guilty mind.
8. paying back the victim of a crime.
13. when someone helps someone else commit a crime...being present at the crime is not necessary.
14. desire to commit one wrongful act as a step towards committing another wrongful act (ex: Elsa punches Linnea to disable her, so she can steal her purse)
16. the state of mind in which a person desires to carry out a wrongful act, knows what the results will be, and is reckless regarding the consequences.
18. liability A type of offence that does not require mens rea.
19. voluntary action, omission, or state of being that is prohibited by the CCC... guilty act.
21. crime A group of 3 or more people that define themselves by opposing authority and engaging in ongoing criminal activity (criminal organizations, gangs).
22. desire to commit a wrongful act with no ulterior motive or purpose (ex: Sven punches Oskar simply because he's angry).
23. laws covering less serious offences, and are usually punishable by fines.

2. when someone takes an unjustifiable risk that a reasonable person wouldn’t take (ex: driving a motorcycle through the mall on Black Friday...proves mens rea through presence of extreme recklessness). People can see their conduct may be harmful but decide to do it anyway.
3. when someone knowingly receives, comforts, or assists a perpetrator in escaping from the police
7. encouraging someone to commit a crime...being present at the crime is not necessary.
9. the defence that everything was done to prevent the strict liability offence from happening, yet it still happened.
10. offences that don’t require mens rea, but do offer defence of due diligence (ex: laws prohibiting the sale of impure foods, environmental protection laws)
11. is the act or omission of an act that is prohibited by law and punishable by federal statute.
12. federal statute containing most of the Canadian criminal laws.
15. when two or more people make an agreement/plan to commit an illegal act, even if they don’t carry out the act
17. when one has the intention to commit a crime, but the crime is not completed.
20. category of public law that prohibits and punishes acts that injure people, property, and/or society.