Across
- 1. White blood cells with multi-lobed nuclei and cytoplasmic granules
- 4. Cell adhesion molecule
- 6. Family name of chemokine receptors, the receptors that chemokines bind to all cell attraction to specific areas in the body (shorter)
- 7. Large granular lymphocyte that serves as an innate effector cell by inducing apoptosis of target cells (virally infected cells or tumor cells)
- 8. Transcription factor expressed in Treg cells that is needed for Treg cell function
- 10. Member of TNF receptor family expressed on certain cells that makes them susceptible to being killed by cells expressing the Fas ligand
- 11. Designation for specific cell-surface molecules on immune cells that help to differentiate one immune cell from another
- 13. Name of MHC gene complex and proteins in humans
- 14. The part of an antibody (that can be isolated by protease digestion) responsible for antigen binding, consisting of the light chain and amino-terminal half of the heavy chain disulfide-bonded together
- 16. Cytokine produced by effector CD4+ TH1 cells, CD8+ T cells, NK cells; primary actions are to act with IL-12 to induce TH1 differentiation, and to fully activate macrophages; enhances expression of MHC and components involved in Ag processing; is a switch factor for certain Ig isotypes and inhibits TH2 response
- 17. Acute phase protein that binds to phosphocholine, a constituent of certain bacteria, that can trigger Complement activation and acts as an opsonin
- 18. Multiple drug treatment for HIV infection
- 22. A cell wall component of gram negative bacteria which can be bound by TLR-4 on macrophages and dendritic cells
- 26. Family name of chemokine receptors, the receptors that chemokines bind to all cell attraction to specific areas in the body (longer)
- 27. Short DNA sequences flanking Ig and TCR V, D and J gene segments that serve as the binding sites for the RAG complex, allowing Ig and TCR gene rearrangement (somatic recombination)
- 28. Autoimmune disease where autoantibodies (against
- 30. End product of the Complement cascade that can kill pathogens directly by forming a pore in the pathogen membrane leading to lysis
- 32. A key transcription factor that is required to bind to the IL-2 promoter to cause IL-2 transcription
- 34. RNA, and proteins associated with nucleic acids) form immune complexes
- 36. T cells that express the co-receptor protein CD8 which upon activation differentiate into cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs)
- 37. Subset of CD4+ T cells characterized by the cytokines they produce, including IL-4; involved in stimulating B cells to produce IgE antibody against helminths
- 39. A mechanism NK cells use to induce apoptosis in virally infected cells or tumor cells
- 41. Protein family to which antibodies and B-cell receptors belong
- 44. Cell surface ligands for the leukocyte integrins; Critical in binding of lymphocytes and other leukocytes to certain cells
- 46. Family name for cytokines that help cells to resist viral infections
Down
- 2. Designation for a family of cell surface molecules involved in the presentation of peptide antigens to T cells
- 3. Fragment or region of an antibody that consists of the carboxy-terminal halves of the two heavy chains disulfide-bonded to each other
- 5. A large mononuclear phagocyte that takes residence in many different tissues and organs and contributes to innate immune responses and can act as an effector cell in adaptive immune responses
- 6. Family name of chemokines, chemicals that are a sub-class of cytokines with cell attractant properties (shorter)
- 9. B cells, and NK cells, among others; transmit activating signals in innate immunity, humoral immunity and ADCC
- 10. Cell surface receptors that bind to the Fc portion of IgG molecules. Expressed on
- 11. The regions of the antigen binding loops of Ig molecules, antibodies and T cell receptors that come into contact with antigen
- 12. Repeating molecular patterns on microbes that are recognized by PRRs on immune cells
- 15. Soluble acute phase response protein that can bind mannose on pathogens; can activate the lectin pathway of Complement and acts as an opsonin
- 16. Amino acid sequence in cytoplasmic domains of membrane receptors involved in signal transduction
- 17. Family name of chemokines, chemicals that are a sub-class of cytokines with cell attractant properties (longer)
- 19. The end stage of disease in HIV infection
- 20. A family of Pattern Recognition Receptors present on many leukocytes and epithelial cells that recognize PAMPs on pathogens and help initiate immune responses
- 21. A T cell subset that is responsible for suppressing or limiting immune responses
- 23. Receptors on immune cells and epithelial cells that recognize and bind to PAMPs on microbes
- 24. Adaptive immune responses in which there is a major role for effector T cells
- 25. A type of APC that presents antigen in the context of MHC to T cells
- 29. General designation of many of the different cytokines, chemical messengers secreted by immune cells that help in their communication with other
- 31. T cells that express the co-receptor protein CD4 which upon activation differentiate into distinct Thelper phenotypes with different roles in adaptive immunity
- 33. Subset of CD4+ T cells characterized by the cytokines they produce, including IFN-gamma involved in fully activating macrophages, and IL-2 involved in promoting CTL responses against intracellular pathogens
- 35. A molecule that is recognized in native (original) structure by antibodies to B cell receptors; or a peptide that is presented by MHC molecules to T cell receptors
- 38. The two genes essential for Ig and TCR gene rearrangement
- 40. CD8+ T cells with the effector function of targeting and killing virally infected cells and tumor cells by apoptosis
- 42. A transcription factor that causes several hundred tissue-specific genes to be transcribed by a subpopulation of epithelial cells in the thymus
- 43. Transcription factor that helps activate the expression of many pro-inflammatory genes
- 45. Immunoglobulin secreted by plasma cells
- 47. A cytokine produced by macrophages and T cells that is highly pro-inflammatory