Plate Tectonics

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Across
  1. 3. accurate worldwide mapping based on satellite signals
  2. 6. when one tectonic plate is forced downward into the mantle; this happens at some convergent (colliding) boundaries
  3. 8. how new oceanic lithosphere is made as magma rises toward the surface and becomes solid
  4. 9. block of lithosphere (crust) that moves separately from the blocks of lithosphere around it
  5. 11. the rigid (stiff) outer portion of the Earth that is broken into plates. It is made up of the crust (both continental and oceanic) and the solid outer part of the mantle.
  6. 12. the single large land mass that formed about 350 million years ago, and broke apart about 200 million years ago
  7. 13. a boundary between two tectonic plates that are moving away from each other; volcanoes and earthquakes may occur at this type of boundary.
  8. 14. the first person to come up with the idea of continental drift; made fun of by other scientists who came to believe him after he died
  9. 16. the idea that some changes in Earth's surface take place over thousands, millions, and even billions of years.
Down
  1. 1. a major area in the basin of the Pacific Ocean where a large number of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur at and near plate boundaries
  2. 2. fixed (still) area of the mantle where magma rises through the lithosphere above it
  3. 4. a boundary between two tectonic plates that are sliding past each other; earthquakes may occur at this type of boundary.
  4. 5. a boundary between two tectonic plates that are moving toward each other; earthquakes, volcanoes, and mountain formation may occur at this type of boundary.
  5. 7. the scientific theory that the earth's lithosphere (crust) is divided into tectonic plates that move around; tectonic plates include both the land we can see above the ocean (continents) and the oceanic crust that lies below the ocean
  6. 10. the idea that states that the continents were once all attached together, and have moved apart over time; continental drift theory assumes that only the land (continents) we can see above the ocean move
  7. 15. the land masses we can see above the water on Earth's surface