Across
- 4. a large continuous mass of land conventionally regarded as a collective region
- 6. a large plume of hot mantle material rising from deep within the Earth
- 7. the solid outer part of Earth
- 12. to cut across or divide by cutting
- 13. a fracture or zone of fractures between two blocks of rock
- 14. a scientific theory that explains how major land forms are created as a result of earths subterranean movements
- 15. a long cut in the ground
- 16. caused by the sudden movement of materials within the Earth, such as slip along a fault during an earthquake
- 17. the action or process in plate tectonics of the edge of one crustal plate descending below the edge of another
- 19. when two plates come together
Down
- 1. the outermost layer of Earth's lithosphere that is found under the oceans and formed at spreading centers on oceanic ridges which occur at divergent plate boundaries
- 2. zone of Earth's mantle lying beneath the lithosphere and believed to be much hotter and more fluid than the lithosphere
- 3. occurs when two tectonic plates move away from each other
- 5. the layer of granitic sedimentary and metamorphic rocks which form the continents and the areas of shallow seabed close to their shores
- 8. the part of the earth's surface directly above the focus of an earthquake
- 9. a series of mountain ridges closely related in position and direction
- 10. an opening in the earths crust through which lava volcanic ash and gases escape
- 11. sudden slips on a fault and the resulting ground shaking and radiated seismic energy caused by the slip or by volcanic or magma activity or other sudden stress changes in the earth
- 14. a three dimensional surface or zone across which there is a significant change in the speed or direction of motion of one lithosphere plate relevant to the adjacent lithosphere plate
- 18. a super continent that incorporated almost all the landmasses on Earth