Across
- 2. Educated Filipinos who played a role in societal change.
- 5. A term for the influence of Spanish friars in colonial society.
- 8. A Chinese dialect spoken by many Chinese mestizos.
- 9. Capital city where much of the economic activity took place.
- 11. Spanish trading ships that played a key role in the economy.
- 12. Chinese goods imported and traded in the Philippines.
Down
- 1. Term used for the indigenous Filipino population.
- 3. A controversial trade commodity in the 19th-century Philippine economy.
- 4. Large estate or plantation often owned by Spanish elites.
- 6. Term for the Spanish-born elite class residing in the Philippines.
- 7. Some Filipinos rebelled against Spanish rule during this century.
- 10. The backbone of the Philippine economy during this period.