Emerging Europe and the Byzantine Empire

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Across
  1. 4. The first man to be crowned Holy Roman Emperor
  2. 6. A man who served his lord as a mounted soldier in armor
  3. 7. Charlemagne depended on these men to act as his chief representatives in the empire
  4. 8. This man established the Kingdom of the Franks
  5. 9. The amount of money paid by a wrongdoer to the family of the person who was injured/killed
  6. 12. The top leader in the land during the Middle Ages (he controlled all the land)
  7. 13. These people worked the land and had difficult and challenging lives (also known as peasants)
  8. 14. A leader of many different diocese
  9. 15. A leader of a group of parishes (bishopric or diocese)
  10. 17. A man who separates himself from ordinary society to dedicate himself to God
  11. 18. The center of life in the Middle Ages
  12. 20. European invaders who came from Scandinavia (also known as the Norsemen)
  13. 23. A person who is granted land by a feudal lord in exchange for his allegiance
  14. 24. This body of water separates Europe and Africa
Down
  1. 1. The leader of the Roman Catholic Church
  2. 2. An estate of land
  3. 3. This group controlled most of what is modern-day France
  4. 5. the qualities expected of an ideal knight (courage, honor, courtesy, justice, etc.)
  5. 7. Defeated the Muslims at the Battle of Tours in 732
  6. 10. These rulers replaced the Western Roman Empire by the year 500.
  7. 11. People sent to carry out a religious message (often responsible for converting non-Christians)
  8. 16. The leader of a parish
  9. 19. This group controlled most of what is modern-day Britain
  10. 21. Pope who expanded the political power of the papacy by serving as leader of the Papal States
  11. 22. The dominant social system in Medieval Europe