Across
- 2. (3 words) Region under considerable control (economic, political,or military) of a more powerful country.
- 4. Policy of openness initiated by Gorbachev in the 1980s that provided increased opportunities for freedom of speech, association and the press in the Soviet Union
- 7. (2 words) Soviet collective security defense alliance with the communist countries of Eastern Europe.
- 8. System of beliefs and values that support an optimal worldview, and which guide the life of a country or of a person.
- 9. US policy of keeping communism from spreading to other countries.
- 11. Policies and actions which push a dangerous situation to its limit before stopping, in the hope that the opposing party will make concessions; readying a country’s forces to the point of war in the hope that the opponent will back down.
- 12. (3 words) Event during October of 1961 that brought the USA and the USSR very close to actual nuclear war. Classic Brinkmanship
- 14. First artificial Earth satellite, it was launched by Moscow in 1957 and sparked U.S. fears of Soviet dominance in technology and outer space. It led to the creation of NASA and the space race
- 15. 1948 attempt by the Soviet union to starve the western sectors of this German capital into submission
- 17. (2 words) War of harassment, rapid and isolated attacks carried out either by a country’s regular army or by bands of rebels, partisans, or terrorists.
- 21. Gorbachev's policy of economic restructuring in the Soviet Union in the 1980s.
- 23. First autonomous labor union in the Soviet bloc; it grew out of mass protests at the Lenin shipyards in Gdansk, Poland, in summer 1980. Its leader, Lech Walesa, was later elected president of Poland.
- 25. (2 words) Policy of the American President to be active in foreign affairs rather than isolationist, especially to prevent the spread of communism.
- 26. (2 words) US policy of providing economic assistance to help war-torn European countries rebuild after WWII, the idea being that poverty is a fertile breeding grounds for communism.
- 28. Regional collective security defense alliance formed in 1949 involving most countries of Western Europe and N. America.
- 29. Period during which tensions between the superpowers were somewhat reduced – like when Khrushchev first came to power, and during the Brezhnev-Nixon ‘70s. Ended with the Soviet Union’s invasion of Afghanistan.
Down
- 1. (3 words) a Cold War theory in which the United States and Soviet Union each used its ability to launch a nuclear counterattack to deter a first strike from the other side
- 3. 1970s negotiations aimed at reducing the superpowers’ nuclear arsenals.
- 5. (2 words) Britain, France and Israel attacked Egypt to regain control of the Suez Canal after Cairo nationalized it in 1956. U.N. and U.S. opposition and Soviet threats of intervention ended the assault.
- 6. (3 words) Landing area on Cuba's south coast where an American-organized invasion by Cuban exiles was defeated by Fidel Castro's government forces April 17-20, 1961.
- 10. (2 words) Khrushchev’s idea that the communist USSR and China and the non-communist countries did not have to remain in an armed stand-off; they could live side-by-side (or at least until all countries eventually became communist).
- 13. (2 words) Reaction in 1956 to Khrushchev’s de-Stalinization of the USSR; misinterpreted in this country as an opportunity to choose its own government, regardless of Moscow’s wishes; crushed by Soviet troops and tanks November 3-4, 1956.
- 16. During the 1950s, containment in Asia meant Korea. During the 1960s and 1970s, it meant this country
- 18. (2 words) Build-up of weaponry and technology in an effort to keep ahead of the adversaries.
- 19. (2 words) Ronald Reagan’s plans for high-tech weapons located in space (in orbit around the Earth. The Soviets could not compete.
- 20. (2 words) Figure of speech used by Churchill in 1946 to describe the heavily guarded borders between communist Eastern Europe and non-communist Western Europe.
- 22. (2 words) First conflict to use a multi-national force under the authority of the United Nations; a success for the US policy of containment.
- 24. U.S.-supported Islamic rebels opposed to the Soviet-backed 1979 coup in Afghanistan. Term means "soldier of god."
- 26. US senator who made a name for himself by ruining the names and reputations of others in an effort to purge the USA of suspected communists (especially in Hollywood and gov’t.).
- 27. (3 words) After the United States lifted travel restrictions to China in 1971, Beijing invited a U.S. table-tennis team to play in China. The visit helped improve ties between the two countries and led in part to Nixon's historic 1972 visit to China.