Biology

1. Thread-like structures in the nucleus carrying genetic information, passed from one generation to the next during reproduction.
6. Genetic makeup of an organism, including the combination of alleles for a particular gene.
9. Breeding two individuals to study or manipulate the inheritance of specific traits in their offspring.
11. A diagram predicting possible genotypes and phenotypes in a genetic cross.
12. Involving a single trait controlled by a single gene.
13. An allele that expresses its trait in the phenotype only when two copies are present, being masked by a dominant allele.
15. Gregor Mendel, an Austrian scientist and pioneer of modern genetics, known for his pea plant experiments.

2. Having two identical alleles for a specific gene, either both dominant or both recessive.
3. Alternative form of a gene located at a specific position on a chromosome.
4. An allele that expresses its trait in the phenotype with just one copy in the genotype, masking the recessive allele.
5. Having two different alleles for a specific gene, with one dominant and one recessive.
7. Involving two different traits controlled by different genes.
8. Observable physical or biochemical traits of an organism, influenced by genetics and the environment.
10. Segment of DNA providing instructions for a specific protein or functional RNA, influencing a trait.
14. An individual with a recessive allele for a trait but does not show the associated phenotype, capable of passing it on.