Across
- 3. A religious group who wanted stricter laws against witchcraft during James I’s reign.
- 4. The right to vote, demanded for all men over 21 by the Chartists.
- 9. A gathering where witches were believed to meet the Devil and gain powers.
- 11. Unskilled builders who worked on canals, roads, and railways.
- 12. The location of a failed Chartist uprising led by John Frost.
- 14. A voting method proposed by the Chartists to replace the public show of hands.
- 17. An architect who designed the new St. Paul's Cathedral after the Great Fire of London.
- 18. The scientist who formulated the laws of motion and universal gravitation.
- 20. The 1604 law passed by James I to punish those contacting evil spirits.
- 23. The idea that men and women had different roles in society, with men working and women managing the home.
- 24. Evil spirits in the form of animals believed to assist witches.
- 26. A scientific organization founded in 1662 to promote scientific discoveries.
- 28. Living creatures first observed by Leeuwenhoek through a microscope.
- 29. Places where the 'undeserving poor' were punished and forced to work under harsh conditions.
- 30. The leader known for advocating physical force among the Chartists.
- 31. Inventor associated with the water frame and the factory system.
- 33. An instrument used by Galileo to prove that planets orbit the sun.
Down
- 1. The basic structural units of plants and animals first observed by Robert Hooke.
- 2. A famous witch-finder responsible for many executions in the 1640s.
- 3. A document with signatures collected by Chartists to demand changes from Parliament.
- 5. The theory that plague was caused by 'bad air,' not germs.
- 6. A wart or mole where a witch's familiar was believed to suck blood.
- 7. The practice of magic, especially black magic, which led to many trials and executions in the 16th and 17th centuries.
- 8. The cabinetmaker who wrote the People's Charter.
- 9. A tool used by women like Edith to spin yarn at home.
- 10. A machine that spun threads and was a key invention in the Industrial Revolution.
- 13. The approach some Chartists supported, using strikes and violence to achieve their goals.
- 15. The 1832 law that benefited middle-class men but ignored working-class men and women.
- 16. The location of Richard Arkwright's first water-powered cotton mill.
- 18. The scientist who wrote 'Principia' explaining the laws of motion and gravity.
- 19. The approach supported by William Lovett, using peaceful protests and writing to achieve Chartist goals.
- 21. A document that listed the demands of the Chartists.
- 22. The signal for strict work schedules in factories.
- 23. An invention by James Watt that replaced water power in factories.
- 25. A scientist who conducted experiments on a variety of subjects and improved the microscope.
- 27. Personal stories used by historians like Emma Griffin to understand the impact of the Industrial Revolution.
- 32. The force discovered by Newton that keeps planets in orbit around the sun.