Across
- 7. _______ Compromise: law that admitted Maine as a free state and Missouri as a slave state
- 8. the period after the American Civil War from 1865 to 1877, during which the United States grappled with the challenges of reintegrating into the Union the states that had seceded and determining the legal status of African Americans
- 9. 2000-mile trail that started in Independence, Missouri and stretched to Oregon Country
- 10. the Confederacy's last attempt to invade northern soil, which resulted in a Union victory and was seen as the turning point of the Civil War
- 11. discriminatory government policies in the South that made it illegal for African Americans to use the same public buildings and services as white Americans
- 12. popular, controversial anti-slavery novel that raised awareness about the evils of slavery throughout the country, but is also criticized in modern times due to spreading stereotypes about African Americans
- 13. federal government agency that supported African Americans' efforts to get food, obtain medical care, reunite with loved ones, enter labor contracts, and establish schools after the Civil War
- 14. lawyer and leader in the Republican Party who gained national attention during the US Senate race in Illinois and later became the 16th President of the United States
- 19. California ____ the migration of 300,000 people to California in search of gold, which caused the area to quickly gain statehood
- 23. abolitionist and author of Uncle Tom's Cabin who intended to show the horrors of slavery through a novel
- 24. ________ War: conflict from 1846-1848 that led to the US gaining new territories in the Mexican Cession
- 26. government policy of separating people based on their race and ethnicity
- 27. Democratic Senator who supported popular sovereignty, introduced the Kansas-Nebraska Act, and also opposed Abraham Lincoln in elections for US Senator of Illinois and US President
- 30. President of the Confederate States who was the Commander-in-Chief of the Confederate Army during the Civil War
- 33. controversial Supreme Court decision that declared African Americans were never meant to be citizens and could not obtain citizenship benefits outlined in the US Constitution, while also declaring the Missouri Compromise unconstitutional
- 36. a war between different groups of people from the same country
- 37. 17th President of the United States who prioritized white Southern interests, opposed civil rights, and was impeached for intentionally violating a law passed by the Radical Republicans
- 40. unfair mistreatment of a group of people based on race, gender, or other characteristics
- 41. the location where Robert E Lee surrendered to Ulysses S Grant
- 43. abolitionist, women's rights advocate, and preacher who traveled the country to speak out against the ideas of gender or racial inferiority
- 44. town in Virginia where John Brown and a small group of followers seized a federal arsenal with the intention of arming enslaved African Americans for a slave revolt
- 47. _____ Act: law that established the Kansas and Nebraska Territories out of the Louisiana Purchase and allowed popular sovereignty to decide if slavery was legal
- 49. Amendment that guaranteed citizenship and equal protection under the law to all people born in the United States and all people who complete the application process for citizenship
- 50. 11th President of the US who was a believer of Manifest Destiny, and gained many of the modern-day western states through annexation and war
- 51. Democratic Senator who supported popular sovereignty, introduced the Kansas-Nebraska Act, and also opposed Abraham Lincoln in elections for US Senator of Illinois and US President
- 52. proposal in Congress that banned slavery in all land acquired in the Mexican-American War
Down
- 1. loyalty to the interests and needs of one region over the entire country
- 2. Amendment that abolished slavery in the United States
- 3. abolitionist who was a famous speaker at anti-slavery rallies, wrote a national bestseller autobiography about his experiences as an enslaved person, and published the anti-slavery newspaper called the North Star
- 4. first battle of the Civil War and a Confederate victory, which revealed that the Civil War would be more serious and difficult than people originally thought
- 5. famous speech given by Abraham Lincoln in which he honored the Union soldiers who had died fighting for the ideals of freedom and that all men are created equal
- 6. enslaved person who sued for his family's freedom because they had lived in Illinois and Wisconsin Territory where slavery was illegal, but lost his case
- 15. Senator who spoke out harshly against pro-slavery people in his speech, "The Crime Against Kansas," and was nearly beaten to death by Congressman Preston Brooks in the Senate chamber
- 16. Compromise of 18__:unwritten agreement in which the Republicans pulled federal troops out of the South and abandoned Reconstruction, so southern Democrats would recognize Rutherford B Hayes as the winner of a controversial presidential election
- 17. ______ Act: law that required all US citizens to cooperate in capturing and returning African Americans who escaped from slavery, and penalized anyone that helped enslaved people
- 18. Lincoln-Douglas _______: a series of seven meetings between Abraham Lincoln and Stephen Douglas for a US Senate seat from Illinois, which largely centered on discussions regarding the westward expansion of slavery and the Dred Scott decision
- 20. volunteer nurse who collected supplies and supported wounded soldiers in the Union Army, and later founded the American Red Cross
- 21. of laws that admitted California to the Union as a free state, allowed the newly established Utah and New Mexico Territories to vote on slavery through popular sovereignty, banned the slave trade in Washington, DC, and created the Fugitive Slave Act
- 22. formal order issued by Abraham Lincoln that declared all enslaved people livin in the Confederate States were free (although Confederate states did not follow the order as they were no longer part of the US)
- 25. another name for the Confederate States of America (CSA) during the Civil War, which consisted of 11 southern states that seceded from the Union and formed their own country
- 28. to charge a public official with misconduct or a crime
- 29. another name for the United States of America during the Civil War, which consisted of 24 northern states that remained loyal to the federal government
- 31. _____ Republicans: faction of Republican congressmen who wanted to guarantee voting rights to African Americans and prevent ex-Confederates from regaining power in the South
- 32. the belief that it was America's responsibility and right to expand its territory across the continent of North America
- 34. Compromise of 18__:
- 35. general who became the commander of all Union forces after winning key victories at the Battle of Shiloh and the Siege of Vicksburg
- 38. Election of 18__: presidential election with four candidates that resulted in Abraham Lincoln's victory, despite not being on the ballot in ten Southern states, which led seven of these states to secede from the Union
- 39. Amendment that prevents any state from denying adult men the right to vote due to their race, skin color, or previous servitude including slavery
- 41. the bloodiest single-day battle of the Civil War that resulted in the highest number of deaths, in which Confederate forces invaded Union soil in Maryland but were ultimately forced to retreat
- 42. general who was the commander of all Confederate forces and was known for taking risks in battle, although they often did not pay off for him during the Civil War
- 45. Supreme Court decision that stated segregation was legal as long as African Americans and white Americans had access to equal facilities
- 46. reconstruction plan of the Radical Republicans that allowed Southern states to reenter the Union if a majority of their voters swore loyalty to the US, and also denied political participation to Confederacy supporters
- 48. a reformer who wanted to end slavery