Across
- 4. land derived from areas with a high population of trees which tend to have a thin,moderately dark layer
- 8. the layer in a soil profile that includes underlying materials such as limestone, sandstone, or granite; also referred to as the R horizon
- 9. a large, long-lasting river of ice that is formed on land and moves in response to gravity
- 11. a midsize soil particle that has good water-holding ability and good fertility characteristics
- 13. a device used to differentiate the several classes of soil
- 14. soil that formed when the glaciers melted
- 16. a nutrient that helps plants catch the sun’s energy and grow
- 18. the degree or steepness, length, shape, and direction of a slope within a soil
- 20. a plant that is used to protect the soil rather than to be harvested
- 22. land derived from grassland areas with 1 to 2 feet of roots
- 23. one of the most rapidly used soil nutrients that provides plants with green, healthy growth
- 24. sediments deposited by streams as they flood
- 25. soil from a glacial sediment that often contains a variety of sizes of soil particles
- 26. a soil sample that contains roughly equal proportions of sand, silt, and clay and is considered highly fertile
- 28. the layer in a soil profile that is located under the topsoil and contains finer particles; also referred to as the B horizon
- 29. the proportion of sand-, silt-, and clay-sized particles that make up the mineral fraction of a soil
- 32. the weather conditions prevailing in an area in general or over a long period
- 33. the largest mineral particle that creates large pore spaces that improve aeration within the soil
Down
- 1. the accumulation of roots, living organisms, and decayed or partially decayed plants and animals.
- 2. the underlying geological material in which soil forms
- 3. a vertical cross section of the soil
- 5. the inorganic, or non-living, substances that come from weathered rock to form soil
- 6. such as wind or water
- 7. an agriculture technique for growing crops that maintains plant residues on the soil surface after tillage activities
- 10. soil that was moved and deposited by wind
- 12. the geological process in which earthen materials are worn away and transported by
- 14. the layer in a soil profile that is made up of partially decayed plant and animal debris; also referred to as the O horizon
- 15. the capacity of soil to function as a vital living ecosystem that sustains plants, animals, and humans
- 17. the surface layer in a soil profile where organic matter accumulates; also referred to as the A horizon
- 19. the outer portion of the earth’s crust that supports plant growth
- 21. a “regulator” nutrient that aids in the growth and reproduction of plants
- 27. a layer of soil
- 30. the smallest-size soil particle
- 31. the loss of water-soluble plant nutrients due to water carrying them down through the soil
- 33. the layer in a soil profile that contains the parent material from which the soil is derived; also referred to as the C horizon