Across
- 3. A dominant theme, driven by the belief in Manifest Destiny, the Louisiana Purchase, and new transportation methods like canals and railroads.
- 6. A powerful reform impulse centered around the moral and political fight to end slavery
- 7. A widespread social reform effort that sought to limit or ban the consumption of alcohol, driven by religious groups and women's organizations who linked alcohol to social ills.
- 9. raid on Harpers Ferry
- 11. The shift from home production, often employing women and children, fundamentally changed labor into a disciplined, wage-focused environment.
- 12. made commercial water travel reliable and efficient, changing transportation on rivers like the Hudson.
- 15. Declared that all enslaved people in Confederate territory were to be set free.
- 17. While rural life remained dominant for much of the period, the latter part of the era saw a significant shift as people moved to cities for factory jobs.
- 18. commanded the Army of Northern Virginia
- 20. slave turned abolitionist
- 21. declared that European powers should not interfere with the affairs of the Western Hemisphere.
- 23. Formerly enslaved man who led a violent rebellion in Virginia
- 25. The expansion of vast tracks across the country was a monumental innovation, connecting the East and West and fueling the steel industry.
- 29. General Robert E. Lee surrendered the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia, effectively ending the Civil War.
- 30. Emancipation Proclamation
Down
- 1. A Protestant religious revival movement that increased church membership and spurred many social reform efforts, including temperance and abolitionism.
- 2. A philosophical and literary movement, featuring thinkers like Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau, that emphasized individualism, self-reliance, and a connection with nature.
- 4. 19th-century belief that the United States was divinely destined to expand across the North American continent from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean
- 5. Linked the existing eastern U.S. rail network to the Pacific coast, spurring economic growth and national unity
- 8. bloodiest single-day battle in American history, which gave President Lincoln the opportunity to issue the preliminary Emancipation Proclamation.
- 10. Encouraged westward migration by offering public land to settlers for a nominal fee
- 13. Third U.S. President
- 14. Doubled the size of the United States
- 16. President of the Confederate States of America during the Civil War
- 19. Confederate attack on a U.S. fort in Charleston, South Carolina, that marked the beginning of the Civil War.
- 22. commander-in-chief of all Union armies
- 24. The period after the Civil War when the federal government attempted to rebuild the South and integrate formerly enslaved people into society.
- 26. The Seneca Falls Convention in 1848 marked a pivotal moment in the organized fight for women's right to vote and other equal rights.
- 27. March to the sea
- 28. Seventh U.S. President