U4; Topic #1,2,3. Changing Ideas 1450-1750

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Across
  1. 2. An instrument used to measure changes in air pressure.
  2. 5. The artist responsible for the frescoes on the Sistine Chapel ceiling.
  3. 8. A method of using observation, experiments, and careful reasoning to gather information and test a hypothesis. (2 words)
  4. 11. A period between 1500–1800 marked by colder temperatures and food shortages. (3 words)
  5. 12. The rigid social hierarchy in India that Sikhism explicitly rejected to ensure the divine was open to everyone. (2 words)
  6. 17. The movement started by Martin Luther to reform the Catholic Church. (2 words)
  7. 18. A Renaissance belief system that valued personal freedom and individual interests.
  8. 19. A religion founded by Guru Nanak during the 16th century.
  9. 20. A belief or opinion that goes against official Church teachings.
  10. 21. The literal meaning of the word "Renaissance."
  11. 22. He wrote The Prince, a guide for rulers on how to keep power.
  12. 23. The Polish Astronomer who concluded that the Earth and planets revolve around the sun.
  13. 25. The instrument Galileo used to observe Jupiter’s moons.
  14. 26. The Renaissance saw a renewed interest in _________ antiquity (Ancient Greece and Rome).
  15. 27. The empire in India whose early rulers promoted "peace with all" but later faced rebellion from the Sikhs.
Down
  1. 1. The German astronomer who used math to prove the Earth revolves around the sun and discovered laws of planetary motion.
  2. 3. Payments made to the Church to reduce punishment for sins; criticized by Martin Luther.
  3. 4. The theory that knowledge is gained through experience and sensory observation.
  4. 6. A Church tribunal established to monitor and punish heresy.
  5. 7. The theory that the sun, not the earth, is the center of the universe.
  6. 9. The Italian scientist who was put under house arrest by the Church for supporting the heliocentric theory.
  7. 10. The scientist who developed the laws of motion and the theory of gravity.
  8. 13. Leonardo da Vinci’s world-famous portrait of a seated woman.
  9. 14. The belief that knowledge is gained primarily through logic and reason.
  10. 15. The architect who designed the massive masonry dome of the Florence Cathedral.
  11. 16. The invention that allowed ideas to be spread quickly and cheaply across Europe. (2 words)
  12. 24. The type of reasoning where one looks at specific facts to form a general rule.
  13. 28. Rulers who held most or all of a state’s power during the early modern period.