Across
- 2. A relatively uniform area of vegetation within a forest, typically characterized by similar species composition and age structure.
- 4. The application of scientific, economic, and social principles to the management and conservation of forest resources to achieve specific goals.
- 8. The study of living organisms.
- 12. A community of trees, shrubs, herbs, and associated organisms covering a considerable area, contributing to oxygen production, water retention, and soil nutrient cycling.
- 14. The natural or accelerated wearing away of the land surface by wind, water, or other environmental factors, leading to soil loss and landscape changes.
- 15. The act of maintaining something in its original or existing state, particularly with regard to natural environments or cultural heritage.
- 16. The natural, three-dimensional layer of the earth's surface that supports plant growth, influenced by climate, living organisms, parent material, topography, and time.
- 18. An association of plants and animals occupying a common environment and interacting with each other, forming interdependent relationships.
- 20. A tall plant with a single main stem and a distinct crown of leaves, providing habitat, oxygen, and numerous other ecosystem services.
- 21. The scientific study of trees, including their classification, identification, and ecological roles.
- 23. The collection of forest or agricultural crops for commercial use or consumption.
Down
- 1. Land owned and managed by governmental agencies for the benefit and use of the public.
- 3. A unit of land measurement equal to the area of a square with sides of approximately 209 feet, often used in agricultural and land management contexts.
- 5. Forested areas capable of sustaining significant timber production.
- 6. Short plants with narrow leaves and hollow stems, often forming dominant vegetation in grassland ecosystems.
- 7. Organisms that break down dead material into simpler substances, facilitating the recycling of nutrients in ecosystems.
- 9. Wood that has been sawed or processed into planks or other standardized forms for construction or other purposes.
- 10. A biome dominated by grasses and associated plants, found in areas with low precipitation or periodic droughts.
- 11. The principles and practices for managing forests, including managing timber, fish, wildlife, range, and watersheds; protecting forest and timber products; harvesting, transporting, manufacturing, marketing, and preserving wood and other forest products; maintaining water and air quality; and ensuring societal well-being.
- 13. Trees suitable for use in producing lumber or other wood products.
- 17. A young tree that has recently germinated from a seed and begun to grow.
- 19. Refers to forests that have developed over a long period without significant disturbance, often containing mature or ancient trees and diverse ecosystems.
- 22. To cut and prepare tree segments for use in lumber and other products.