2.5 Genetics

6. Cell division that halves the chromosome number and produces gametes.
7. The random alignment of homologous chromosomes during meiosis, leading to variation.
11. Random changes in allele frequencies, especially in small populations.
12. A random change in the frequency of alleles in a population.
13. Having two identical alleles for a particular gene.
15. The observable characteristics or traits of an organism.
16. The process where organisms better suited to their environment tend to survive and reproduce.

1. The exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes during meiosis.
2. A thread-like structure that carries genetic information in the form of genes.
3. The genetic makeup or allele combination of an organism.
4. The fusion of gametes from two different individuals.
5. A fertilized egg cell formed by the fusion of two gametes.
8. A change in the DNA sequence that creates new alleles.
9. The separation of paired alleles during gamete formation.
10. An allele that is only expressed when two copies are present.
14. Alternate forms of the same gene.