Across
- 2. a Union victory in the Civil War that marked the bloodiest single-day battle in U.S. military history
- 7. Henry Clay's proposed agreement that allowed California to enter the Union as a free state and divided the rest of the Mexican Cession into two territories where slavery would be decided by popular sovereignty
- 8. efforts to use the importance of southern cotton to Britain's textile industry to persuade the British to support the Confederacy in the Civil War
- 9. a law that allowed voters in Kansas and Nebraska to choose whether to allow slavery
- 11. Fort Sumter
- 13. a Union Civil War victory that turned the tide against the Confederates at Gettysburg, Pennsylvania
- 14. a law that enforced segregation in the Southern states
- 18. a speech given by Abraham Lincoln in which he praised the bravery of Union soldiers and renewed his commitment to winning the Civil War
- 22. American soldier, he refused Lincoln's offer to head the Union Army and agreed to lead Confederate forces. He successfully led several major battles until his defeat at Gettysburg, and he surrendered to the Union's commander General Grant at Appomattox Courthouse
- 24. a type of war in which an army destroys its opponent's ability to fight by targeting civilian and economic as well as military resources
- 25. Enslaved African who filed suit for his freedom stating that his time living in a free state made him a free man; the Supreme Court ruling known as the Dred Scott decision upheld slavery and found the Missouri Compromise unconstitutional
- 28. a statement written and signed by women's rights supporters at the Seneca Falls Convention; detailed their beliefs about social injustice against women
- 29. a law that made it a crime to help runaway slaves; allowed for the arrest of escaped slaves in areas where slavery was illegal and required their return to slaveholders
- 30. first and the only president of the Confederate States of America after the election of President Abraham Lincoln in 1860 led to the secession of many southern states
Down
- 1. a political party formed in the 1850s to stop the spread of slavery in the West
- 3. 16th president of the United States, he promoted equal rights for African Americans in the famed Lincoln-Douglas debates. He issued the Emancipation Proclamation and set in motion the Civil War, but he was determined to preserve the Union
- 4. an incident in which abolitionist John Brown and seven other men murdered pro-slavery Kansans
- 5. the nation formed by the southern states when they seceded from the Union; also known as the Confederacy
- 6. an agency established by Congress in 1865 to help poor people throughout the South
- 10. Virginia town where General Robert E. Lee was forced to surrender, thus ending the Civil War
- 12. a federal outpost in Charleston, South Carolina, that was attacked by the Confederates in April 1861, sparking the Civil War
- 15. the period following the Civil War during which the U.S. government worked to reunite the nation and to rebuild the southern states
- 16. a secret society created by white southerners in 1866 that sued terror and violence to keep African Americans from obtaining their civil rights
- 17. 18th President of the United States, he received a field promotion to lieutenant general in charge of all Union forces after leading a successful battle
- 19. American social reformer, she was active in the temperance, abolitionist, and women's suffrage movements and was co-organizer and president of the National Woman Suffrage Association
- 20. an incident in which abolitionist John Brown and 21 other men captured a federal arsenal in Harpers Ferry, Virginia, in hope of starting a slave rebellion
- 21. the act of formally withdrawing from the Union
- 23. an order issued by President Lincoln freeing the slaves in areas rebelling against the Union; took effect January 1, 1863
- 26. a proposal to outlaw slavery in the territory added to the United States by the Mexican Cession; passed in the House of Representatives but was defeated in the Senate
- 27. an antislavery novel written by Harriet Beecher Stowe that showed northerners the violent reality of slavery and drew many people to the abolitionists' cause