Across
- 5. heavenly powers granted the right to govern to an essentially deserving individual known as the "son of heaven" - the ruler then served as a link between heaven and earth / Chinese ruling houses routinely invoked this doctrine to justify their rule
- 9. principal instruments used by fortune-tellers in ancient China / shoulder blades of sheep or turtle shells that were inscribed with a question and then subjected to heat - fortune-tellers then studied the network of splits and cracks that emerged / many bore inscriptions in archaic Chinese writing
- 11. world's highest and largest plateau in southwestern China / province that covers much of the plateau is home to 220 million Buddhists
- 12. river that takes its name from the vast quantities of light-colored loess soil that it picks up along its route / very unpredictable with a history of devastating floods / Chinese civilization emerged around this river valley
- 14. owned no land, but provided agricultural, military, and labor services for their lords in exchange for plots to cultivate, security, and a portion of the harvest / they lived like their neolithic predecessors
- 15. technology that emerged during the first millennium BCE in China / gradually made bronze weapons obsolete as these ores are cheaper, more abundant, and more widely distributed than the copper and tin needed to make bronze / also enabled subordinates of the Zhou to effectively resist the central government and to pursue their own interests
Down
- 1. (c. 403 to 221 BCE) warfare was the most important aspect of social life during the violent last centuries of the Zhou dynasty / rival Chinese states battled viciously for territorial advantage and dominance
- 2. had bronze fittings and used to devastating effect by Shang warriors / helped Shang armies impose their rule on agricultural villages and to extend their influence throughout much of the Yellow River Valley / also used in racing in Bronze Age China
- 3. reached China before the Shang dynasty, as the Xia dynasty made limited use of these kinds of tools and weapons / process of combining copper and tin to create...
- 4. third longest river in the world and the longest in Eurasia
- 6. practice that involves foretelling the future, discovering hidden knowledge, or determining the cause of events
- 7. (c. 1046-256 BC) succeeded the Shang as the preeminent dynasty in northern China / battled Shang forces in the east and nomadic raiders from the steppes in the west / eventually allied with the Shang before gradually eclipsing and displacing them / longest-standing Chinese dynasty
- 8. (c.1766-1122 BCE) dynasty’s four main contributions: invention of writing, development of a stratified government, advancement of bronze technology, and use of the chariot and bronze weapons in warfare
- 10. first, semi-mythological dynasty thought to have existed from about 2200 to 1600 BCE / might have made one of the first efforts to organize public life in China on a large scale
- 12. neolithic society that flourished from about 5000 to 3000 BCE in the middle region of the Yellow River Valley / some archaeologists consider this the earliest stage of Chinese civilization / known for its painted pottery and bone tools
- 13. ___________ (adj. traveling from place to place) peoples, along with disaffected allies of the Zhou, invaded China from the west in 771 BCE