Across
- 1. The set of positive integers and 0. They can be used as cardinal (counting) or ordinal (ordering) numbers. ℕ = {0, 1, 2, 3, … }
- 3. A compression algorithm that removes non-essential data from a file leading to a noticeable decrease in accuracy of the data. Data lost is non-recoverable.
- 7. A method of checking codes for errors during data transmission by calculating the sum of transmitted digits.
- 8. A transmission of a set of digital data structures, that varies with time, between computational processes.
- 11. Data whose values can vary discretely and can only take on one of a finite number of values between two extremes.
- 12. A prefix to a unit representing a power of 2. (kibi=2^10, mebi=2^20, gibi=2^30, tebi=2^40)
- 16. Natural numbers used to describe numerical position or order of objects.
- 17. A character set that is a superset of ASCII. It is used to represent alphanumeric characters or symbols as an integer code point which is equal to the character’s ASCII code.
- 20. An integrated circuit capable of converting discrete digital data from a computer to continuous analogue data.
- 22. The number of samples taken per second.
- 25. A unique binary representation of a character. Not to be confused with the binary representation of a decimal digit, which is its numerical value in the binary system.
- 27. A prefix to a unit representing a power of 10. (kilo=10^3, mega=10^6, giga=10^9, tera=10^12)
- 29. A measure of the total number of pixels in an image, typically expressed in terms of the number of dots/pixels per inch.
- 30. A character set used to represent alphanumeric characters or symbols as a set of 8 bits.
- 34. the misrepresentation of a numeric value because it is too large to be represented with the allocated number of digits in the mantissa and exponent.
- 35. A substitution cipher where each letter of plaintext is substituted for another that is a fixed number of letters ahead in the alphabet, which becomes the ciphertext.
- 38. A component of floating point form that stores the number of positions to move the decimal point.
- 41. the misrepresentation of a numeric value because it is too small to be represented with the allocated number of digits in the mantissa and exponent.
- 43. The percentage difference between the exact correct value and rounded value.
- 46. Musical Instrument Digital Interface is a protocol for ADC audio transmission to a digital interface used for the majority of electronic musical instruments and computers.
- 48. The number of unique digits used by a particular number system to represent numbers.
- 50. A sufficiently accurate digital waveform of an analogue signal would require a sampling rate of at least twice the highest frequency that appears in the original analogue signal.
- 51. A method of checking binary codes for errors during data transmission by sending each bit multiple times, in a set. The receiver takes the value with most occurrences in a set as the value for that bit.
- 53. A transmission of a set of analogue data structures, that varies with time, between computational processes.
- 57. A binary number system that can represent both positive and negative numbers.
- 58. The amount of storage required for a bitmapped image is at least its (image size) × (colour depth).
- 59. The set of numbers that can be expressed as the ratio of two integers. The integers are a subset of the rational numbers since all integers can be expressed as a ratio with 1. ℚ = {0, 1/2, 0.75, 0.111111 … , 300.5, -42, … }
- 60. A compression algorithm that retains all the data in the file by only storing the instructions needed to reconstruct the original file. No data is lost.
Down
- 2. An integrated circuit capable of converting continuous analogue data to discrete digital data for a computer.
- 4. The number of bits used to represent a single sample.
- 5. A form used to represent numbers with a fractional part in any number system. Digits after the fixed point are multiplied by the base raised to a negative power.
- 6. An image composed of an array of pixels each with an allocated number of bits, arranged to form an image. Also known as raster graphics.
- 9. A binary number system that can only represent positive numbers.
- 10. The set of numbers that can represent real world quantities and have an imaginary part of 0. Rational and irrational numbers are all members of the real numbers. ℝ ={π, 1.5, -7, 3/4, 2, 100000000, -11.3432, … }
- 13. The set of numbers with no fractional part. The natural numbers are a subset of the integers. ℤ = { … , -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, … }
- 14. A coding scheme used in signed binary to represent negative as well as positive numbers. A negative number is represented by flipping all its digits and adding 1 to the most significant bit.
- 15. A form used to represent numbers with a fractional part in any number system. The radix point is free to move due to the presence of an adjustable exponent.
- 18. A measure of the amount of colour used in an image, expressed in terms of the number of bits per pixel.
- 19. A component of floating point form that stores the non-zero significant digits of a number.
- 21. The process of ensuring a floating point number is represented as efficiently as possible by adjusting the position of the radix point and exponent.
- 23. An image composed from mathematical coordinates and functions (lines and curves).
- 24. A number system that only uses 16 characters (0 to 9 and A to F) to represent numbers (a base 16 system).
- 26. The process of converting the original data (plaintext) into a form which cannot be understood by unauthorised users (ciphertext) using an encryption algorithm (cipher).
- 28. The difference between the exact correct value and rounded value.
- 31. A method of checking codes for errors during data transmission by adding an extra digit to the end (usually calculated/processed from digits in the code itself) that checks whether the data is accurate.
- 32. A type of lossless compression where text is searched for entries that match the entries in a dictionary. Entries are substituted by a unique code which can then be translated.
- 33. The total number of pixels in an image expressed in terms of its dimensions: (width in pixels) x (height in pixels).
- 36. Binary data transmitted between the MIDI device and computer processor that carries properties controlling when and how sounds are produced.
- 37. Errors inherently introduced to any calculations with fixed or floating point numbers since they cannot store numbers with infinite precisions.
- 39. A method of checking binary codes for errors during data transmission by counting the number of ones and zeros present.
- 40. Number which cannot be expressed as a ratio of two integers, and hence do not lie within the set of rational numbers. {π, √2, e, … }
- 42. A type of lossless compression where repeated occurrences of the same data (like several pixels of the same colour in an image) are stored as single data values with their counts.
- 44. Data whose values can vary continuously and take on any value between two extremes.
- 45. A number system that only uses ones and zeros to represent numbers (a base 2 system).
- 47. The process of converting analogue sound waves to a digital waveform, by storing a finite number of readings in binary.
- 49. A group of 8 bits.
- 52. A cipher that uses a one-time pad (a secret random key) to convert each character to cipher text by modularly adding it with the corresponding character of the key. This is impossible to decrypt without a key.
- 54. Data related to the image file data itself. This includes image properties such as width, height and colour depth.
- 55. A binary digit used by computers as the fundamental unit of information.
- 56. A number system that only uses 10 characters (0 to 9) to represent numbers (a base 10 system).