Across
- 1. A distribution pattern in which a producer sells a product through a limited number of middlemen in a geographic area
- 4. Ensuring that a product is available to the target market without overdistributing the product
- 7. An individual who purchases goods and services for their own personal use; also known as an ultimate consumer
- 8. Distributing a product through two different channels
- 9. A reward that motivates a channel member to achieve a specific goal
- 10. The level of market exposure a certain distribution pattern achieves (refers to intensive, selective, and exclusive patterns)
- 14. Paths, or routes, that goods or services take from the producer to the ultimate consumer or industrial user
- 16. A channel of distribution in which goods and services move directly from the producer to the consumer or industrial user
- 17. See intermediaries
- 18. Processes by which marketers ensure that products are distributed to customers efficiently and effectively
- 22. A marketing function that determines the need for and availability of financial resources to aid in marketing activities
- 24. The possibility of loss or failure
- 26. Businesses or individuals who assist in moving goods and services from the producer to the consumer
- 30. A type of channel conflict that occurs between channel members at different levels within the same channel
- 33. The people who make or provide goods and services
- 34. Businesses that buy consumer goods or services and sell them to ultimate consumers
- 35. Financial penalties or fines
- 36. Marketing element referring to what goods, services, or ideas a business will offer its customers
- 37. All the marketing-related data available from inside and outside the business
Down
- 2. A business that buys materials, services, or goods which will be used to make other goods or which will be used in the operation of the company
- 3. A distribution pattern in which a producer sells a product through every available wholesaler and retailer in a geographic area where consumers might look for it
- 5. Distributing a product through many different channels
- 6. A marketing function needed to communicate information about goods, services, images, and/or ideas to achieve a desired outcome
- 11. The total number of channel members in a channel of distribution
- 12. Channel members operating between the producer and the consumer or industrial user to help in the movement of goods and services
- 13. People who personally use a good or service to satisfy their own wants; also known as final consumers
- 15. The act of moving anything from one place to another or the method by which it is moved (e.g., rail carriers, motor carriers, water carriers, pipelines, and air carriers)
- 19. The buying and selling of goods using computers
- 20. The particular group of customers a business seeks to attract
- 21. A distribution pattern in which a producer sells a product through just one middleman in a geographic area
- 23. A type of channel conflict that occurs between channel members at the same level (e.g., two retailers)
- 25. A channel of distribution in which goods and services move from the producer to the channel members and then to consumers or industrial users
- 27. The systematic gathering, recording, and analyzing of data about a specific issue, situation, or concern that affects a market
- 28. A financial penalty a middleman assesses to a producer for a variety of issues, such as receiving damaged merchandise
- 29. Store or other locations where products are sold to the final consumer
- 31. The amount of satisfaction a good or service will provide a customer
- 32. Intermediaries who help move goods between producers and retailers by buying goods from producers and selling them to retailers