6.2 The Blood System

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Across
  1. 2. A small blood vessel made of a single layer of endothelial cells to allow exchange of gases, nutrients and waste.
  2. 3. Contraction of the heart on its own, without being stimulated by a nerve
  3. 5. Part of the brain, at the base of brainstem; controls heartbeat and breathing rates.
  4. 6. Lower chambers of the heart that receive blood from the atria and contract to force blood into the aorta or pulmonary artery.
  5. 9. A blood vessel which has thicker elastic walls relative to its width that carries blood away from the heart.
  6. 10. 2 words. Protein(elastin) found in the walls of arteries and veins that can lengthen and then recoil.
  7. 12. 2 words. The pressure measured in the arteries while the ventricles are relaxed (during diastole).
  8. 14. The smallest branch of an artery. It connects with a capillary.
  9. 15. When circular muscles relax, increasing the lumen size and increasing blood flow. (Lowers blood pressure)
  10. 16. A hormone (also called adrenalin) produced by adrenal glands as a response to stress, increases heart rate.
  11. 18. The maximum blood pressure in the arteries at the peak of ventricular contraction (Systole)
  12. 19. A blood vessel with valves, a relatively larger lumen compared to its width and thinner walls and less elastic fibre that returns blood to the heart.
Down
  1. 1. A region of cells in the right atrium (or an electronic device) that sets the rate of heart contraction.
  2. 4. 2 words. The force that blood exerts against the wall of a blood vessel. Consists of two numbers, systolic and diastolic.
  3. 7. 2 words. The volume of blood pumped per minute by each ventricle of the heart
  4. 8. When circular muscles in an artery wall contract, narrowing the lumen, preventing blood flow (Increases blood pressure, occurs in the skin when cold)
  5. 11. 2 words with a hyphen. Valves A valve in the heart that stops blood from moving from the ventricles at the atria during contraction of the ventricles (aka Bicuspid and Tricuspid valves)
  6. 13. A chamber a the top of the heart that receives blood from veins.
  7. 17. The largest artery of the circulatory system. It carries blood from the left ventricle to smaller arteries in all organs, except the lungs.