Across
- 2. is a powerful, rotating tropical weather system (a type of tropical cyclone) characterized by organized thunderstorms, a low-pressure center, and sustained winds of at least 74 miles per hour (mph)
- 4. the branch of Earth science that studies the atmosphere and its phenomena, including weather
- 6. the use of scientific knowledge and tools to predict short-term atmospheric conditions like temperature, wind, and precipitation in a specific area
- 9. the long-term increase in Earth's average surface temperature, caused primarily by human activities releasing greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide and methane into the atmosphere
- 11. any form of water that falls from clouds and reaches the Earth's surface
- 14. puffy, white clouds with flat bases that look like cotton balls and form when warm, moist air rises, cools, and condenses
- 15. the long-term average weather patterns of a region, typically calculated over 30 years or more
- 18. a violently rotating column of air that is in contact with both the ground and the base of a thunderstorm
- 19. an instrument used in Earth science to measure the amount of liquid precipitation over a set period of time in a specific area
- 20. the state of the atmosphere at a specific time and place, characterized by factors like temperature, wind, and precipitation
- 22. the force exerted by the weight of the air above a surface
- 24. a scientific instrument used to measure temperature, or the degree of hotness or coldness of a substance (solid, liquid, or gas)
- 26. the measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance, which indicates its hotness or coldness
- 27. a natural process where certain gases in the Earth's atmosphere trap heat, keeping the planet warm enough to support life
Down
- 1. low-level, flat, gray clouds that form a uniform, featureless layer, like a blanket covering the sky
- 3. a long-term shift in Earth's weather patterns, including rising global temperatures
- 5. a natural climate pattern where the ocean water in the central and eastern tropical Pacific Ocean becomes warmer than average, disrupting weather patterns globally
- 7. thin, wispy, high-altitude clouds made of ice crystals that typically form above 20,000 feet
- 8. a large, uniform body of air with similar temperature and humidity characteristics throughout
- 10. an instrument used to measure wind speed
- 12. a localized weather system characterized by rain, lightning, and thunder, caused by rapidly rising warm, moist air in a cumulonimbus cloud
- 13. a climate pattern in Earth science characterized by cooler-than-average sea surface temperatures in the central and eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean
- 16. an instrument used in Earth science to measure atmospheric pressure
- 17. a scientific instrument used in earth science to measure the amount of moisture, or water vapor (humidity), in the air.
- 21. the amount of invisible water vapor in the air
- 23. a narrow band of strong, fast-flowing wind that exists high in Earth's atmosphere, generally blowing from west to east
- 25. is the boundary where two air masses with different temperatures meet