Across
- 2. the layer of rock that forms Earth’s outer surface, which includes both dry land and the ocean floor
- 4. All the oceans, rivers, lakes and water on Earth. It comes from the word “Hydro” which means “water.”
- 8. the amount of matter in an object
- 11. dark, fine-grained rock that makes up most of the oceanic crust
- 15. the process of changing one form of energy to another
- 18. layer of earth that is made mostly of the metals iron and nickel, and consists of two parts
- 21. the process of moving things from one place to another.
- 23. The bouncing back of a wave when it hits a surface through which it cannot pass.
- 27. layer of molten metal surrounding the inner core
- 28. process of breaking down of rocks and land due to forces such as gravity, wind, water and ice
- 29. crust that lies beneath the ocean
- 31. The bending of a wave as it passes at an angle from one medium to another
- 34. type of force that destroys and wear away landmasses through processes like erosion and weather
- 35. the soft layer of the upper-mantle on which the lithosphere floats
- 36. seismic waves that can vibrate from side to side
- 37. an element subject to spontaneous degeneration (decay) of its nucleus accompanied by the emission of alpha particles, beta particles, or gamma rays
Down
- 1. All the living things on Earth. It comes from the word “Bio” which means “life.”
- 3. the crust that forms the continents
- 5. vibrations that travel through Earth carrying the energy released during an earthquake
- 6. the amount of space that matter occupies
- 7. this layer is formed with the crust and rigid upper mantle, and is above the asthenosphere
- 9. a dense sphere of solid metal
- 10. a rock that is usually a light color and has coarse grains and makes up most of the continental crust
- 12. The conversion of one form of energy into another, or the movement of energy from one place to another.
- 13. the measurement of how much mass of a substance is contained in a given volume
- 14. This is a process in which more dense materials of a planet sink to the center, while less dense materials stay on the surface.
- 16. Process in which sediment is laid down in new locations
- 17. seismic waves that compress and expand the ground like an accordion
- 19. the movement of a fluid, caused by differences in temperature, that transfers heat from one part of the fluid to another
- 20. type of force that shapes the land’s surface by building up mountains and other landmasses.
- 22. All the rock, soil and sediments that makeup Earth’s land. It comes from the word “Geo” which means “Earth.”
- 24. the rigid layer of the lower-mantle and extends down to Earth’s core
- 25. the layer of hot, solid material between Earth’s crust and core
- 26. Movement caused by warm fluids rising and cooler fluids sinking.
- 30. transfer of thermal energy between materials because of collisions between particles
- 32. A description of surface features of land.
- 33. the physical force exerted on an object