Actinomycetes: General and Nocardia

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Across
  1. 3. Actinomycetes are __________, meaning they grow on dead matter
  2. 7. this Nocardia spp. is found primarily in tropical regions
  3. 11. some members of the Actinomycetes are partially acid fast if 1% __________ is used during staining, as opposed to 3% HCl
  4. 15. Actinomycetes typically are capable of forming these structures, reminiscent of fungi
  5. 16. testing positive for this biochem is considered a virulence factor for Nocardia spp.
  6. 17. production of these RBC-destroying toxins is considered a virulence factor for Nocardia spp.
  7. 18. this genus contains facultative intracellular pathogens that are found in soil and water, and may form substrate or aerial hyphae
  8. 19. the ability to resist intracellular killing and inhibit __________-lysososme function is considered a Nocardia virulence factor
Down
  1. 1. pulmonary Nocardia infections are characterized by lung __________, fevers, cough, necrosis, and abscess formation, among others
  2. 2. this Nocardia spp. is responsible for about 80% of Nocardia infections
  3. 4. speciation of Actinomycetes requires this
  4. 5. pulmonary Nocardia infections primarily affect __________ patients
  5. 6. Actinomycetes require oxygen to grow, meaning they are __________
  6. 8. this form of Nocardia disease occurs when the organism gets into the bloodstream and can spread to other parts of the body, including the central nervous system
  7. 9. Nocardia spp. with an affinity for the __________ system are especially dangerous
  8. 10. Actinomycetes are gram positive rods with __________, filamentous forms
  9. 12. this Nocardia spp. has only recenty been recognized and is resistant to many antimicrobials
  10. 13. on a gram stain, Nocardia appear as branching and __________ gram positive rods
  11. 14. a chronic skin infection caused by Nocardia that involves nodules and sinus tracts which leak fluid