African Geography

4. A transition zone between the Sahara Desert and the savanna
5. The world’s longest river that flows north through eastern Africa into the Mediterranean
9. A valuable mineral traded across the Sahara, once worth its weight in gold
10. A region near the Equator with dense vegetation and heavy rainfall
13. 1884–1885 meeting where European nations divided Africa among themselves
15. A man-made waterway connecting the Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea, important for trade
17. The largest hot desert in the world, covering most of Northern Africa
19. The race among European nations to claim African territory in the 1800s

1. The forced movement of Africans across the Atlantic to work as slaves
2. The process of establishing control and settlements in foreign lands
3. A grassy plain with scattered trees, home to elephants, lions, and giraffes
6. The imaginary line dividing Earth into northern and southern halves that crosses central Africa
7. The period when African nations fought to gain freedom from European rule
8. A precious metal that made West African empires like Mali wealthy
9. A semi-dry grassland region found between deserts and wetter areas
11. The highest mountain in Africa, located in Tanzania
12. A climate with hot, dry summers and mild, wet winters found along North Africa’s coast
14. Historical trade route connecting Africa, Europe, and the Americas, involving goods and enslaved people
16. The ocean west of Africa where millions of enslaved Africans were transported
18. A dry region with little rainfall and few plants