Across
- 3. Civil War, one of the most lengthy modern African conflicts, started after the overthrow of Siad Barre, which resulted in various groups attempting to obtain power.
- 5. Without Borders, NGO that provided critical medical support to the Biafrians, still around today.
- 9. Aid, a concert with global superstars aimed to raise money and awareness for the Ethiopian Famine of 1983-1985.
- 11. International non-government organizations, provide aid and humanitarian support to countries.
- 12. A group of people from Southeastern Nigeria, mostly represented Biafra during the Nigerian Civil War, are a marginalized community in Nigeria today.
- 13. Genocide, the slaughter of the Tutsi Minority by the Hutu majority in 1994 in Rwanda, caused by the Rwandan Civil War.
- 14. Linda Nchi, when Kenyan troops entered Somalia to fight Al-Shabaab and install a buffer zone in Somalia.
- 15. Shibir, a technique used by the Derg to stifle opposition, involving scorched-earth tactics.
- 18. Civil War of 1974-1991, an impactful time period in Ethiopia’s history, involving rebel groups challenging the rule of the Derg government that had recently taken power.
- 20. War of 1978-1979, President Nyere declared war on Uganda after they invaded Tanzania. Tanzania was supported by Ugandan rebels who were armed by Tanzania as well as other anti-Amin leaders.
- 24. Resistance Army, a Christian Extremist Organization in Africa, led by Joseph Kony. Aim to establish a Christian state based on the Ten Commandments and have been accused of extensive human rights violations.
Down
- 1. Diamonds, diamonds mined in warzones that are sold to fund conflicts.
- 2. Haram, a military Islamist and jihadist group that fought against the Nigerian central government in 2009. They aim to establish an Islamic state in the region.
- 3. Syndrome, the US’ reluctance to engage with and aid Somalia and other regions due to fear of a repeat of the aftermath of the Battle of Mogadishu, which involved dead American soldiers being dragged through the street.
- 4. War of 1977–1978, Ethiopian conflict with Somalia fought over a dispute about Ogaden, Derg were victorious and its Soviet allies were victorious.
- 6. City Agreement, the document that ended the Second Congo War in 2003. Sporadic fighting continued after the wars termination.
- 7. Kony, the leader of the Lord’s Resistance Army.
- 8. A communist military dictatorship that emerged after the downfall of Emperor Haile Sellasie’s government.
- 10. Haile Selassie, an emperor of Ethiopia. Citizens disliked the dictatorial rule, corruption, economic issues and societal divides under his rule.
- 12. Amin, ruled as a military dictator of Uganda after Obote’s overthrow. Considered to be one of the most brutal dictators in modern history.
- 16. Gaddafi, Libyan leader and ally of Amin. Aided Uganda in the Uganda-Tanzania War.
- 17. US led United Task Force aimed to provide humanitarian support and order, lasted two years, fought with local militias in Somalia.
- 18. War of Independence, a war in which the Eritrean people fought for their independence, was rooted in the decline of Western imperialism, and encouraged other movements.
- 19. An anti-Amin group comprised of Ugandans exiled by Amin.
- 21. Yakubu Gowon, the leader of Nigeria’s central government during the Nigeria Civil War.
- 22. Civil War of 1967-197, a war that greatly impacted Nigerian politics and society, caused by tensions between the Igbo people and the Nigerian federal government, ended in 1970 and resulted in a reunification of Nigeria.
- 23. Nyerere, Tanzania’s president who was anti-Idi Amin.