Age of Discovery

2. - Last Name of English explorer and privateer who circumnavigated the globe and raided Spanish ships.
3. – Powerful Islamic empire controlling much of the Middle East, charging high taxes on Christian traders.
7. – Economic policy where colonies supply raw materials and buy finished goods to enrich the mother country.
8. – Portuguese explorer who found a sea route from Europe to India, boosting Portugal’s wealth.
9. – Cultural rebirth in Europe sparking interest in trade, exploration, and learning.
10. – Exchange name for Transfer of plants, animals, people, and diseases between the Americas and Europe after 1492.
11. – Italian explorer sailing for Spain who mistakenly landed in the Americas seeking a westward route to India.
12. – Spanish soldiers and explorers who conquered indigenous empires in the Americas.
14. – First permanent English settlement in North America, founded in Virginia.

1. – Large farms in the Americas using enslaved labor to grow cash crops like sugar and tobacco.
4. – Agreement dividing the New World between Spain (west) and Portugal (east).
5. – Imaginary boundary line dividing Spanish and Portuguese territories established by the Treaty of Tordesillas.
6. – Portuguese explorer who first rounded the southern tip of Africa.
13. – Deadly disease introduced by Europeans that devastated Native American populations.