Across
- 1. Cortez and his men attempted to sneak out on an open causeway. The Aztecs sounded alarm and a battle ensued. Two-thirds of Cortes’s men were killed and riches were lost in the lake in their escape.
- 3. An economic system where industry and trade are owned by private industries, grew out of the influx of gold and silver. Merchants looked to gain wealth from trade. Joint-stock companies were formed in northern Europe to encourage exploration, increase trading networks, and make profits.
- 5. of Paris Was signed in 1763 which marked the end of the conflict. France lost all of its North American possessions except islands in the Caribbean. Spain lost northern Florida and was given Louisiana. The British were now the major power in North America which provided the colonies security
- 8. de bois It means runners of the woods in French. They c ame to make profit off the lucrative fur trade. The Frenchmen worked well with natives who were needed to trap fur. The French followed native customs when trading and some intermarried and became members of the tribes.
- 10. Set sail to explore routes to Asia. By 1488, he became the first European to sail around the Cape of Good Hope at the tip of Africa.
- 12. Francis Drake Queen Elizabeth I of England hired Sir Francis Drake to circumnavigate the globe and also have the secret mission of pirating Spanish wealth. He successfully looted the Chilean and Peruvian coast.
- 13. Years’ War Also known as The French and Indian War, began as both France and England fought to maintain lands. Native Americans aligned with both states.
- 16. Systems created to convert natives as. In all reality, these systems were forced labor where natives had to mine or do back breaking work on plantations.
- 17. He sailed past the Cape of Good Hope. he reached Calicut, India the following year. On his first arrival he failed to impress the ruler of Calicut but he returned to Portugal as a national hero. He returned to Calicut in 1502 and used force to gain control of the Muslim controlled lands.
- 18. Left Spain in 1519 with 270 men. He became the first explorer to sail south of South America and into the Pacific Ocean. By the time his fleet completed the first circumnavigational trip around the globe, he died in battle and only eighteen of his crew remained.
Down
- 2. As both Spain and Portugal both believed they laid claim to lands in the East Indies, the competition between them escalated. When it was discovered that Columbus discovered the New World, Pope Alexander VI intervened to prevent future conflicts between the two countries. He noted that land approximately 53 298 miles west of the Cape Verde islands would fall into Spanish territory while lands east would go to Portugal in 1493.
- 4. A belief that a country’s true power depended on the amounts of gold and silver it had in its treasury
- 6. Laws England passed these laws in the 1660s to only allow British ships to trade with the colonies to increase its profits.
- 7. Land grants if someone brought fifty colonists over at their own expense.
- 9. With the apparent decline of the Portuguese control over the spice trade, the Netherlands saw their opportunity to increase their wealth. In 1602 this company (VOC), was founded as a joint-stock company with the goal to increase wealth via the spice trade in Asia.
- 11. Two decades after Cortez ended the rule of the Aztecs, he received a commision from Emperor Charles V of Spain to conquer new lands in South America that he previously explored.
- 14. Zhu Di’s director of palace servants, was appointed to lead seven expeditions. The first expedition in 1405-1407 consisted of 317 ships with approximately 28,000 men. He possibly had six treasure ships which measured 400 feet long compared to Columbus’ Santa Maria of 85 feet long.
- 15. Only allowed Canton to be used as a trading port. The Dutch followed the rules of the Chinese but the British became tired of being limited to one port as their influence and trade growth inspired the need for more ports.