Age of Exploration

3. Flower of a tree picked before it opens and dried in the sun. It had medicinal value because it can numb skin and be used for tooth aches. It was used to make an air freshener, known as a pomander.
5. Indicates magnetic north.
7. American crop that would become very important in feeding farm animals back in Europe.
9. This plant root has a hot (spicy) sensation. We see it fresh in markets but explorers shipped it dried or crystallized. It is the underground stem of a plant originally from China.
11. One of the oldest recorded spices, it was in use in 3000 B.C. Mesopotamia. It is the inner bark of an evergreen tree, which is stripped and the dried in the sun. It is used as a seasoning, perfume, preservative.
13. A method of water navigation using oral traditions, estimates of speed, non-celestial instruments, and a feel for the sea, also known as deductive reasoning.
16. To be the first to find out, or see something.
17. The imaginary line running east/west around the world midway between the North and South Poles. The equator divides the earth into the Northern Hemisphere and the Southern Hemisphere.
19. To travel in a region that was previously unknown or little known in order to learn about its natural features and inhabitants.
20. The distance north or south of the equator, expressed in degrees (0-90). On a map or globe, latitude lines are drawn running east and west.
21. popular trading item in the Americas.

1. plant native to central america and west indies.
2. The northern or southern half of the earth as divided by the equator or the eastern or western half as divided by a meridian.
4. Originally from Ethiopia, Africa, these beans are fermented, dried, and roasted. The beverage was created by people on the Arabian Peninsula.
6. The distance east or west of the Prime Meridian in Greenwich, England, expressed in degrees (0-180). On a map or globe, longitude lines are drawn running north and south.
8. Conceived a plan to sail WEST in order to reach the EAST.
10. Chocolate. Columbus knew the natives used the bean as money. It was not until Cortez brought back sacks from the Aztec civilization that the Spanish learned how to make chocolate.
12. The front of a ship or boat.
14. T-shaped navigational instrument invented about 1500 CE.
15. Navigation instrument used to measure the altitude of the stars.
18. China held the secret for turning caterpillar cocoons into this fabric.