Across
- 4. Peak ___________s (eg cattle _________ and sheep meats _______ in Australia) – represent industry to liase and influence government and regulatory bodies. Compulsory or voluntary levy for funding. May provide additional services to members eg EHS (environment, health and safety) services.
- 5. _____ can actually play a part in spreading disease (moving from property to property, dealing with sick animals, etc).
- 6. complementary sheep/wool-wheat zone: crops can be grazed n winter (feed limiting), harvested early summer, sheep graze ______ in summer (feed limiting). This allows increase in sheep stocking rate, with minimal impact on grain production.
- 7. _____________ of industries varies across state/state, country to country. Some are more tightly regulated, some more self-regulating.
- 11. __________ research centres (CRCs) : government and industry. Provide funding to tackle challenges faced by end-users and researchers, etc etc. Eg Australian Seafood CRC, Sheep Industry Innovation CRC, Invasive Animals CRC.
- 12. despite only producing about 2.6% of the worlds beef, (7th or 8th), Australia is the ________ biggest beef exporter after Brazil (we have low population).
- 13. _______ _________ groups such as PETA: pressure on international retailers regarding actions viewed as unethical eg mulesing in Australia.
- 15. currency fluctuations, international trends (eg trend towards different types of beef (Waghu etc)) and ________ can all impact on farmers income. Hard to predict.
- 16. health of an animal has both physical and ___________ components
- 17. should see slide 19 of lecture 2, week 1 – general industry structure, for all of the bodies that influence a _____.
- 19. (2 words) ________ ______ groups such as the RSPCA: work in conjunction with govt – policy devt. Can also have investigation/prosecution powers.
- 23. research funding: the levy on ______ prices is 2% for each sheep sold over $5.00. maximum of 20c. Lambs, maximum of $1.50.
- 24. this country has the most cattle by FAR, and is the 3rd largest beef exporter.
- 27. can look at animal health with different perspectives: individual level – herd or flock – local community – state level (eg QLD has the most beef cattle – 11.6million head) – national level - _____________ level of focus (eg Australia second biggest beef exporter).
- 31. Australian agricultural exports are worth around $32.1 _________
- 32. in many ways, plant and animal production can be used in complementary ways eg the sheep-_________ belt in north-west VIC, extending up the eastern flank of Australia, and in southern WA.
- 35. Anything that is needed to effectively manage an enterprise. Animal health products (vaccines etc), animal ID, genetic testing, feed, labour, insurance, infrastructure, utilities, livestock agents, transporters.
- 37. the degree of human control is higher in _____________ production systems.
- 38. plant and animal growing systems can complement each other so much so that the ____ of both is greater than each on their own.
Down
- 1. animal production systems can have financial, medical, psychological, environmental and ___________ value.
- 2. intensive production systems generally have a higher ___________ density compared with extensive systems.
- 3. veterinary faculties within ___________ and non-vet facultites (eg biomedicine, agriculture, science) can be part of cooperative research centres (CRCs) or commercial research.
- 8. _________ bodies fund research. Eg MLA, AWI. Levy on produce. This means more research money in large animal production systems than small pets etc – don’t have levy on dogs/cats. Some industry funds matched by government funding.
- 9. ______ societies provide: information/marketing/pedigree registration/youth development/_____ standards/risk review for the _____ and some regulatory roles.
- 10. the FDA and APVMA regulate veterinary _____________. (Food and Drug Administration, Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority).
- 14. breaches in biosecurity include FMD in the UK, _______ influenza in Indonesia, and abalone viral ganglioneuritis.
- 18. the role of ___________ in animal production systems: varies across commonwealth/state/local. Biosecurty Australia, DAFF, AQIS (quarantine), AHA (animal health Australia), PIMC (primary industries).
- 20. countries requiring _________ assistance for food include: many middle African countries, Mongolia, Iraq, Afghanistan and North Korea.
- 21. wheat, and beef/veal export, both fetch around _____ billion dollars for the Australian export market. Wool 2.3 billion. Lamb almost 1 billion.
- 22. _________ eg by wild dogs/foxes and other external influences are significant factors in extensive (but not intensive) systems.
- 25. in animal production systems can undergo fire brigade work eg help out with cows having trouble calving, as well as bigger picture – offering _______ on nutrition and genetics to avoid calving problems.
- 26. the _____ (Australian) and INRA (European) are both large research institutes, and can conduct research on agriculture/environment/etc.
- 28. (3 words) this state has the highest number of farms. (31.5% of total farms in Australia)
- 29. when considering disease risk, a major risk can be ___________ of new animals into the system. Systems can be closed eg. Self replacing merino flock, open, or partial.
- 30. the government support to the Australian agricultural industries is relatively ____ compared with some other countries. Around 4%. NZ = 1%. Japan, Korea, Iceland, Switzerland and Norway between 47-61%.
- 33. an animal production system can be many things, ranging from agricultural animal production, ___________ animal production, or even wildlife.
- 34. _________ and South East Asian countries are major importers of Australian agricultural products. Also China, the Middle East, US, Europe and other Asian countries.
- 36. why do ____________? – _______ can provide significant returns on investment due to increased productivity/health. Vital for maintaining competitiveness in the industry.
- 37. farmer has some control over cost of production (amount of feed utilised an important determinant), less control over _______.