Across
- 5. a historic town in West Virginia known for John Brown's raid in 1859, which aimed to incite a slave rebellion by seizing the federal armory.
- 7. 19th-century route through central North America that connected Franklin, Missouri, with Santa Fe, New Mexico.
- 8. an agricultural production system in which landowners contribute their land and often a measure of operating capital and management.
- 9. an act of one country seizing land that belongs to another country.
- 10. used to refer to the antiwar/peace wing of the Democratic Party.
- 14. established that voters in a territory could decide whether to have slavery or not by passing laws favorable or unfavorable to it.
- 18. a legal arrangement in which a landowner allows a tenant to use the land in return for a share of the crops produced on that land.
- 22. an agreement between the United States and Mexico in which the United States agreed to pay Mexico $10 million for a 29,670 square mile portion of Mexico that later became part of Arizona and New Mexico.
- 23. a group of politicians who formed a faction within the Republican party that lasted from the Civil War into the era of Reconstruction.
- 24. voluntary withdrawal of one or more states from the Union that constitutes the United States.
- 25. the turbulent era following the Civil War, was the effort to reintegrate southern states from the Confederacy to the Union.
- 26. a writ requiring a person under arrest to be brought before a judge or into court, especially to secure the person's release unless lawful grounds are shown for their detention.
- 27. a collection of 11 states that seceded from the United States in 1860 following the election of President Abraham Lincoln.
- 28. ended the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia's first invasion into the North and led Abraham Lincoln to issue the preliminary Emancipation Proclamation.
- 29. granted by state constitution or state statute and allocates some autonomy to a local government, if the local government accepts certain conditions.
- 30. an informal agreement between southern Democrats and allies of the Republican Rutherford Hayes to settle the result of the 1876 presidential election and marked the end of the Reconstruction era.
Down
- 1. a lenient plan, based on Lincoln's earlier 10% plan, to allow the Southern states to begin holding elections and sending representatives back to Washington.
- 2. gave African American men in the South the right to vote three years before ratification of the 15th Amendment.
- 3. the first full-scale battle of the Civil War.
- 4. a person from the northern states who went to the South after the Civil War to profit from the Reconstruction.
- 6. a strategy implemented by President Abraham Lincoln aimed at reintegrating the Southern states back into the Union.
- 11. an edict issued by US President Abraham Lincoln that freed the slaves of the Confederate states.
- 12. a strategy outlined by the Union Army for suppressing the Confederacy at the beginning of the American Civil War.
- 13. restrictive laws designed to limit the freedom of African Americans and ensure their availability as a cheap labor force after slavery was abolished.
- 15. 1,300-mile (2,100 km) route from Illinois to Utah on which Mormon pioneers traveled from 1846 to 1869.
- 16. a slur to insult white Southern Republicans whom they considered traitors to the South.
- 17. a US government agency of early post American Civil War Reconstruction, assisting freedmen (ie, former enslaved people) in the South.
- 19. five bills that attempted to resolve disputes over slavery in new territories added to the United States.
- 20. the first naval combat between ironclad warships, fought at Hampton Roads, Virginia, during the American Civil War.
- 21. describes how the United States became a modern market-based economy.