Ancient India

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Across
  1. 4. (Duty): A code of living that emphasizes ethics, righteousness, and proper conduct
  2. 6. a rigid, hereditary, and religiously ordained hierarchy known as the caste system (or Varna system), which divided society into four main classes based on birth and occupation: Brahmins (priests), Kshatriyas (warriors), Vaishyas (traders/farmers), and Shudras (laborers)
  3. 7. (Liberation): The ultimate goal of life, which is liberation from the cycle of samsara and unification with the Divine
  4. 8. a diverse, non-dogmatic synthesis of rituals, polytheism, and philosophy
  5. 10. advancements in mathematics (concept of zero, decimal system), science (Ayurveda, metallurgy), urban planning (Indus Valley), and literature (Vedas, Sanskrit
  6. 11. the world's oldest living religion, originating in India over 4,000 years ago as a diverse, umbrella tradition rather than a single, organized faith
  7. 14. Focuses on personal enlightenment through meditation and monastic life
  8. 15. Emphasizes the Bodhisattva path, where individuals delay their own Nirvana to help all beings achieve liberation
Down
  1. 1. (Reincarnation): The soul undergoes a continuous cycle of birth, death, and rebirth
  2. 2. a rigid, hereditary social hierarchy (varna) originating from Vedic tradition (c. 1500–1000 BCE) that classified society into four main groups—Brahmins (priests), Kshatriyas (warriors), Vaishyas (traders), and Shudras (laborers)
  3. 3. A guide for living ethically, including Right View, Resolve, Speech, Conduct, Livelihood, Effort, Mindfulness, and Concentration
  4. 5. an ancient Indo-Aryan, refined, and sacred language of Indiabat
  5. 9. a 2,500-year-old nontheistic religion and philosophy originating in India with Siddhartha Gautama (the Buddha)
  6. 12. structured society into four rigid, hereditary hierarchical classes based on supposed spiritual purity and occupation: Brahmins (priests/intellectuals), Kshatriyas (warriors/rulers), Vaishyas (traders/farmers), and Shudras (laborers/servants), with Dalits ("untouchables") excluded entirely at the bottom
  7. 13. the universal law of cause and effect