Ancient Rome Review

6. A wealthy city in Sicily that allied with Carthage during the Second Punic War; later besieged and captured by Rome.
7. The Roman general who defeated Hannibal at the Battle of Zama and destroyed Carthage in the Third Punic War.
9. A wealthy Roman aristocrat; many held high military and political positions during the Punic Wars.
11. A powerful North African city-state and Rome’s rival; fought three major wars against Rome for control of the Mediterranean.
12. Rome’s powerful governing body that debated war strategy, approved military funding, and made key decisions during the Punic Wars.
13. The system of government in Rome during the Punic Wars, where elected officials directed war strategy and governance.
14. Carthaginian general who invaded Italy during the Second Punic War; one of Rome’s most formidable enemies.
15. An official elected by plebeians to protect their rights; important during wartime as plebeians made up the bulk of the soldiers.

1. Rome’s earliest written laws; though not directly related to the Punic Wars, they helped unify Rome legally during the wartime period.
2. A series of three wars between Rome and Carthage (264–146 BCE) that resulted in Roman dominance of the western Mediterranean.
3. A Roman shield formation used in battle, especially during sieges like those in the Punic Wars.
4. A Roman army unit of about 5,000 soldiers; Rome relied on legions to fight against Carthage in Sicily, Spain, and North Africa.
5. A leader granted total power in a time of crisis; sometimes used during emergencies in the Punic War period.
8. One of two top Roman officials who commanded armies and led military campaigns, including during the Punic Wars.
9. Common citizens of Rome who made up most of the army fighting in the Punic Wars.
10. A city in Sicily whose request for Roman help against Syracuse sparked the First Punic War between Rome and Carthage.