ANESTHETICS, CLASSIFICATION AND CHARACTERISTICS. TYPES OF ANESTHESIA:GENERAL,CONDUCTION,LOCAL AND THEIR COMPLICATIONS.

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Across
  1. 2. The easiest anesthetic end point to measure.
  2. 4. ___________ is a water-soluble of prodrug Propofol, rapidly metabolized by alkaline phosphates, and producing propofol, phosphate, and formaldehyde.
  3. 6. The characteristic state observed after an induction dose of ________ is known as "dissociative anesthesia".
  4. 9. Propofol is a potent respiratory depressant and generally produces _____ after an induction dose.
  5. 13. Is similar to a light state of general anesthesia characterized by decreased consciousness from which the patient is not easily aroused.
  6. 16. _______________ is principally used for the short-term sedation of intubated and ventilated patients in ICU setting.
  7. 17. _______ anesthetics is a volatile as well as gaseous, are taken up through gas exchange in the alveoli of the lung.
  8. 19. The clearance for dexmedetomidine is
  9. 20. Ketamine's MOA is _______.
  10. 21. _________ is an intravenous anesthetic with hypnotic but not analgesic effects and is often chosen for its minimal hemodynamic effects.
Down
  1. 1. ____________ has a shorter elimination half-life than thiopental due to its larger plasma clearance.
  2. 3. The elimination half-life for dexmedetomidine is ____.
  3. 5. It produces dose-dependent CNS depression ranging from sedation to general anesthesia when administered as bolus injection.
  4. 7. ___________ affect neurons at various cellular locations, but the primary focus has been on the synapse.
  5. 8. Benzodiazepines are unique among the group of intravenous anesthesia in that their action can readily be terminated by administration of their selective antagonist, __________.
  6. 10. Its common use is to facilitate induction of general anesthesia by bolus injection of 1-2.5 mg/kg IV.
  7. 11. Is added to minimize the discomfort associated with injection of local anesthesia and the surgical manipulations.
  8. 12. ____ is effective for premedication,sedation during regional anesthesia, and breif therapeutic procedures.
  9. 14. The anesthetic state is achieved when the partial pressure of the anesthetic in the brain reaches a threshold concentration determined by its _______.
  10. 15. ______ are analgesic agents and are distinct from general anesthetics and hypnotics.
  11. 18. An acute toxicity which occurs when the metabolism of enflurane and sevoflurane may generate compounds that are potentially nephrotoxic.