Animal-focused Biology Crossword (2)

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Across
  1. 4. Physiological adjustment to a change in an environmental factor.
  2. 7. An animal that mainly eats plants or algae.
  3. 13. In nutrition, a simple nutrient that is inorganic and therefore cannot be synthesized in the body.
  4. 15. A long-term physiological state in which metabolism decreases, the heart and respiratory system slow down, and body temperature is maintained at a lower level than normal.
  5. 17. The exchange of a substance or heat between two fluids flowing in opposite directions. For example, blood in a fish gill flows in the opposite direction of water passing over the gill, maximizing diffusion of oxygen into and carbon dioxide out of the blood.
  6. 19. An organic molecule required in the diet in very small amounts. Many vitamins serve as coenzymes or parts of coenzymes.
  7. 21. (1) The overall flow and transformation of energy in an organism. (2) The study of how energy flows through organisms.
  8. 22. Referring to organisms that are warmed by heat generated by their own metabolism. This heat usually maintains a relatively stable body temperature higher than that of the external environment.
  9. 23. The maintenance of internal body temperature within a tolerable range.
  10. 24. An amino acid that an animal cannot synthesize itself and must be obtained from food in prefabricated form.
  11. 25. An unsaturated fatty acid that an animal needs but cannot make.
  12. 26. A substance that an organism cannot synthesize from any other material and therefore must absorb in preassembled form.
Down
  1. 1. Metabolic rate of a resting, fasting, and nonstressed ectotherm at a particular temperature.
  2. 2. In a specified group of organisms, a taxon whose evolutionary lineage diverged early in the history of the group.
  3. 3. An organism that consumes animals for nutrition.
  4. 5. An animal that lives by sucking nutrient-rich fluids from another living organism.
  5. 6. A physiological cycle of about 24 hours that persists even in the absence of external cues.
  6. 8. The total amount of energy an animal uses in a unit of time.
  7. 9. The first stage of food processing in animals: the act of eating.
  8. 10. An animal that eats relatively large pieces of food.
  9. 11. The outer covering of a mammal’s body, including skin, hair, and nails, claws, or hooves.
  10. 12. A physiological state in which activity is low and metabolism decreases.
  11. 14. The process by which an organism takes in and makes use of food substances.
  12. 16. An animal that feeds by using a filtration mechanism to strain small organisms or food particles from its surroundings.
  13. 18. An animal that regularly eats animals as well as plants or algae.
  14. 20. The ventral part of the vertebrate forebrain; functions in maintaining homeostasis, especially in coordinating the endocrine and nervous systems; secretes hormones of the posterior pituitary and releasing factors that regulate the anterior pituitary.
  15. 24. The outermost of the three primary germ layers in animal embryos; gives rise to the outer covering and, in some phyla, the nervous system, inner ear, and lens of the eye.