Across
- 3. the building blocks from which protein is made in the body.
- 4. Animals having a single compartment or simple stomach system (e.g., swine, horse).
- 9. a measure of acidity or alkalinity
- 10. the foregut (or forestomach) of ruminant animals such as cattle, sheep and goats.
- 12. The residue containing inorganic mineral elements of a feed sample, determined in a laboratory by burning the sample at a high temperature (removing the organic matter) and weighing the residue
- 13. a complex carbohydrate compound, a major structural component of mature plants, contained in the fibrous portion of plant stems, leaves, cobs and hulls. It is undigestible.
- 14. a homogeneous mixture of mechanically mixed ration ingredients that typically combine roughages (forages) and concentrates such as grains to optimize animal performance.
- 15. the 24-hour feed allowance for an individual animal.
- 16. are biochemical compounds composed only of the elements carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, and are the main source of energy for animals.
- 17. toxic to animals, and are produced on plants by fungi, particularly during weather stress during the growing or harvest seasons or during feed storage
- 19. the total energy in a feed before accounting for losses due to normal digestive, metabolic and productive functions.
- 20. represents everything contained in a feed sample except water; this includes protein, fiber, fat, minerals, etc. In practice, it is the total weight of feed minus the weight of water in the feed, expressed as a percentage.
- 21. an essential amino acid for protein synthesis. It is the first limiting amino acid in Maize /soybean-based swine diets. It can be added to diets in a synthetic form.
- 22. refers to the appeal and acceptability of feedstuffs to an animal
- 23. include the whole community of microorganisms present in the rumen of ruminant animals.
- 25. refers to bulky and coarse feed high in fiber (greater than 18 percent crude fiber) but lower in energy than most concentrates.
Down
- 1. refer to animal feeds that are rich in energy and/or protein but low in fiber
- 2. the extent to which a feedstuff is absorbed in the animal body as it passes through an animal’s digestive tract.
- 5. is an intracellular (occurs within the cells) carbohydrate found primarily in the grain or seed
- 6. refers to the feed preserved by an anaerobic fermentation process
- 7. refers to nitrogen in a feed sample that is not in the form of protein but can be used by the microbial population in the rumen or gastrointestinal tract to synthesize amino acids and proteins
- 8. Latin for (“within the glass”) generally refers to the technique of performing a given biological procedure in a controlled environment outside of a living organism. In other words, it is a process that is carried out in a test tube.
- 11. The portion of intake protein that has a slow rate of degradability in the rumen. It is fed so that it may escape digestion in the rumen, reach the lower gastrointestinal (GI) tract essentially intact and be digested directly in the small intestine as it would be in non-ruminants.
- 18. a major structural carbohydrate that is present in plant cell walls
- 24. rich in energy; it contains 2.25 to 2.8 times the energy found in carbohydrates