Across
- 2. (3) this was a policy that was part of so called 'War Communism', it was especially unpopular with peasants as it meant that peasants could no longer trade their handicrafts or vegetables on the streets, this policy was reversed as part of NEP in 1921.
- 8. (1) defined as government officials and administrators, Marxists believed that under a Communist Utopia this would not exist (indeed neither would the 'state'), during 'War Communism' it consumed 75 percent of the budget.
- 9. (2) this economic policy was part of 'War Communism', it mandated rationing and grain confiscation, rationing was hierarchical becoming the instrument by which the regime could punish and reward and thus control society..
- 10. (1) what type of production in 1920 was only 23% of its 1917 figure?
- 11. (2) these 'colourful' peasant forces resist Red Army forced requisitions and overthrow regional Bolshevik power, example being the Tambov uprising less than 500km from Moscow which started in August 1920 and did not end until 1922.
- 14. (2) although unpopular with rank and file Bolsheviks, and seen as a betrayal of Workers Control Dec 1917, as a compromise in favour of economic efficiency these skilled managers were returned to factories under 'War Communism'
- 15. (1) this Bolshevik leader argued at the Tenth Party Congress, that industrial production should follow the model established under him for the Red Army, that is 'militarisation'. It was the opposite of what workers were demanding.
- 18. (1) derogatory term used to label 'bourgeoisie exploiters' who regained their wealth during the period of NEP.
- 19. (2) one of the economic policies that made up 'War Communism', it made work compulsory.
- 20. (2) Which economic/social class had shrunk in size under War Communism to half of its 1918 figure by 1921, contributing to the loss of support for the Bolshevik regime.
Down
- 1. (2) the Left SR terrorist who shot Lenin in the neck on 30 August 1918, referings both the Dissolution of the CA and the peace treaty as reasons.
- 3. (2) Lenin's preferred first step or 'stepping-stone' towards a Communist Utopia, a hybrid system of privately owned and managed factories under central governmental control, replaced Workers Control and lasted less than 6 months between Dec'17 until replaced by War Communist policies in mid-1918.
- 4. (3) Decree on ? ?...this decree was made les than a week following the attempted assassinatin of Lenin, immediately widespread massacres of prisoners and hostages ensued.
- 5. (3) 'He who does not work, neither ? ? ?, a slogan established in the 'Declaration on the Rights of the Working and Exploited Peoples' in Jan'18 just prior to the Dissolution of the CA, it would become one of the 'catch cries' of the 'War Communism' policy of Forced Labour.
- 6. (3) this decree was passed in December'17 and affirmed the right of 'workers committees' to retain and assume the running of factories, this had already begun prior to the October coup.
- 7. (2) this was a term given to a cluster of economic policies.
- 12. (2) this faction emerged in the party at the Tenth Party Congress, led by Alexandra Kollontai, it argued for a return to the early promised of Workers Rights and Workers Control and the restoration of workers unions. This faction, indeed all factions, was banned by the 'On Factions' decree at the congress.
- 13. (3) Full English term for acronym, an economic policy that Lenin persuaded the Tenth Party Congress to adopt in March 1921, shocking and disillusioning many party members.
- 16. (4) Catch cry of War Communism, meaning that production, both agricultural and industrial, must be entirely focused on suppling the Red Army. Trotsky popularised this slogan.
- 17. (1) according to Marxist theory this would not be necessary in a Communist utopia, some keen Bolsheviks made this worthless was part of rationing and deliberate hyperinflation prior to banning it. NEP brought it back.