Across
- 1. breathing more deeply and more rapidly due to low blood pH because of high levels of CO2
- 4. fibrosis causes over secretion of a thick mucus that clogs the respiratory passages and puts the child at risk for fatal respiratory infections.
- 5. air that enters the respiratory tract and remains in the conducting zone passageways and never reaches the alveoli.
- 8. when the mucosa of the lower respiratory passages becomes severely inflamed and produces excessive amounts of mucus.
- 10. a syndrome characterized by difficult breathing in premature infants. They use tremendous energy just to inflate alveoli which collapse after each breath. Accounts for 20,000 newborn deaths a year.
- 12. deep and vigorous breathing
- 14. a whistling sound, abnormal sounds; can be caused by diseased respiratory tissue, mucus, or pus.
- 15. cessation of breathing that occurs during sleep. Most common in older individuals.
- 17. the amount of air that can be taken in forcibly over tidal volumne
- 19. the total amount of exchangeable air. ~4800ml
- 21. Disease or allergic response characterized by bronchial spasms and difficulty breathing.
- 23. form of carbon dioxide in plasma
- 25. inadiquate oxygen delivery to body tissues
- 26. produced by by air rushing through the large respiratory passageways. Can be picked up by a stethoscope.
- 28. a disease in which cells in the body grow out of control (cancer), located in the lungs
- 29. oxygen attached to hemoglobin molecules inside the RBCs
- 30. normal respiratory rate
- 32. a fatty molecule made by the cuboidal alveolar cells. It lowers the surface tension of the film of water lining each alveolar sac so that the alveoli do not collapse between each breath.
- 33. Situations other than breathing that move air into or out of the lungs. Examples: cough, sneezes, laughing, crying.
- 35. the sudden, unexpected and unexplained death of an apparently healthy baby.
- 37. the amount of air that can be forcibly exhaled after a tidal expiration
- 38. extremely slow and shallow breathing
Down
- 2. occur as air fills the alveoli. Sounds are soft and resemble a muffled breeze.
- 3. chronically inflamed, hypersensitive bronchial passages that respond to many irritants.
- 6. The volume of gas within the lungs.
- 7. air that still remains in the lungs after the most strenuous expiration,~1200ml. It cannot be voluntarily expelled.
- 9. when skin and mucosae take on a bluish cast; due to lack of oxygen.
- 11. nerves (2 types) nerves that regulate the diaphragm and intercostal muscles by transmitting nerve impulses from the brain.
- 13. When respiratory passageways are clogged with mucus or fluid.
- 16. the presence of air in the intrapleural space, which disrupts the fluid bond between the pleurae.
- 18. Muscles between the ribs
- 20. insufficient oxygen in the blood, occurs if breathing stops for an extended time.
- 22. The volume of air moved into or out of the lungs by normal quiet breathing. ~500ml
- 24. when carbon monoxide replaces oxygen for the same binding sites on hemoglobin.
- 27. disease alveoli enlarge as the walls of adjacent chambers break through and chronic inflammation promotes fibrosis of the lungs. (Fibrosis the thickening and scarring of connective tissue, usually as a result of injury, which stiffens the tissue)
- 31. measures respiratory capacity
- 34. cessation of breathing
- 36. Lung collapse