AP Biology Review

4. A water molecule that has lost a proton.
6. A plant that directly incorporates CO2 into the Calvin Cycle.
7. The dimer form of a carbohydrate consisting of two monosaccharides bonded through a glycosidic linkage (A simple sugar).
9. The modifications of the pre-mRNA transcript in eukaryotes. (Includes RNA splicing & the addition of the 5'cap & the poly-A tail)
11. The multidisciplinary study focused on the effort to sustain biodiversity in an ecosystem or throughout the biosphere.
17. The orientation of the two strands of DNA nucleotides within a DNA molecule.
18. The active transport process of moving large molecules or small cells into a cell as the plasma membrane pinches in and forms a vesicle around the substance.
20. The form of chromatin that is more highly condensed & not easily accessible for transcription.
21. The guanine nucleotide cap placed on the 5' end of the pre-mRNA transcript as part of the RNA processing
22. Different organic compounds possessing the same molecular formula but different arrangements of their atoms and thus different functions.
23. DNA from two separate species now part of the same molecule.
24. The evolutionary history of a species or of a group of closely related species.

1. The condition of having the incorrect number of chromosomes. (Often manifested as a monosomy)
2. The upward push of xylem sap due to the influx of water into the root vascular cylinder.
3. A process of genetic recombination in prokaryotes during which a bacterium picks up and expresses foreign DNA from its environment.
5. An organic molecule that is composed of a carbon molecule that is composed of a carbon backbone surrounded by hydrogen atoms.
8. The maximum number of individuals in a population that can be supported by available environmental resources.
10. Species The species in a community that has the highest biomass or greatest abundance, and whose role helps to control the distribution of other species in the community.
12. A cell that is the precursor to the ovum in females.
13. A lymphocyte that has receptors composed of two heavy chains & two light chains linked by disulfide bridges & specific to a given antigen.
14. An enzyme involved with sealing up nicks in a DNA molecule by covalently bonding adjacent nucleotides in a condensation reaction.
15. A virus whose host range includes bacteria.
16. Groups of species that include the common ancestor & some, but not all of the descendant species.
19. The species in a community that has the highest biomass/greatest abundance & whose role helps to control the distribution of other species in the community.